MOND as a regime of quantum gravity

Abstract

We propose that there is a regime of quantum gravity phenomena, for the case that the cosmological constant is small and positive, which concerns phenomena at temperatures below the deSitter temperature, or length scales larger than the horizon. We observe that the standard form of the equivalence principle does not apply in this regime; we consider instead that a weakened form of the equivalence principle might hold in which the ratio of gravitational to inertial mass is a function of environmental and global parameters. We consider possible principles to determine that function. These lead to behaviour that, in the limit of hbar to zero and the speed of light is taken to infinity, reproduces the modifications of Newtonian dynamics first proposed by Milgrom. Thus MOND is elucidated as coding the physics of a novel regime of quantum gravity phenomena. We propose also an effective description of this regime in terms of a bi-metric theory, valid in the approximation where the metric is static. This predicts a new effect, which modifies gravity for radial motions.

arXiv commentLaTex 22 pages, one figure. Thee revision contains many small improvements

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• From galactic bars to the Hubble tension: weighing up the astrophysical evidence for Milgromian gravity
• Testing Gravity with wide binary stars like $\alpha$ Centauri
• Origin of the Local Group satellite planes
• Noncovariance at low accelerations as a route to MOND
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• The global stability of M33 in MOND
• A Plane of High Velocity Galaxies Across the Local Group
• Anisotropic Fluid Cosmology: an Alternative to Dark Matter?
• Dark matter-baryon scaling relations from Einasto halo fits to SPARC galaxy rotation curves
• Galactic dynamics and long-range quantum gravity
• The Escape Velocity Curve of the Milky Way in Modified Newtonian Dynamics
• Evidence for galaxy dynamics tracing background cosmology below the de Sitter scale of acceleration
• The formation of early-type galaxies through monolithic collapse of gas clouds in Milgromian gravity
• The Phantom of RAMSES user guide for galaxy simulations using Milgromian and Newtonian gravity
• A new line on the wide binary test of gravity
• Hydrodynamical structure formation in Milgromian cosmology
• The Redshift-Dependence of Radial Acceleration: Modified Gravity versus Particle Dark Matter
• Solar System limits on gravitational dipoles
• The Kennicutt-Schmidt law and the main sequence of galaxies in Newtonian and Milgromian dynamics
• Directly testing gravity with Proxima Centauri
• Scale-invariant dynamics in the Solar System
• Quantum, noncommutative and MOND corrections to the entropic law of gravitation
• Galaxy rotation curves and the deceleration parameter in weak gravity
• The $a_0$ -- cosmology connection in MOND
• Trans-Planckian Philosophy of Cosmology
• A new perspective on galactic dynamics
• Long-Range Quantum Gravity
• MOND and Natural Scales of Distance and Mass
• Constraining the deformed dispersion relation with the hydrogen atom 1S-2S transition
• Attraction Induced by Mutual Quantum Measurements of Velocity
• A democratic Cosmos?