Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates with $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric gain and loss

Abstract

We investigate vortex excitations in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of complex $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric potentials. These complex potentials are used to describe a balanced gain and loss of particles and allow for an easier calculation of stationary states in open systems than in a full dynamical calculation including the whole environment. We examine the conditions under which stationary vortex states can exist and consider transitions from vortex to non-vortex states. In addition, we study the influences of $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry on the dynamics of non-stationary vortex states placed at off-center positions.

10 pages, 10 figures, one additional discussion with a new figure, additional references

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Unitarity corridors to exceptional points
• Admissible perturbations and false instabilities in PT-symmetric quantum systems
• Spectrum and normal modes of non-hermitian quadratic boson operators
• The phase diagram and vortex properties of PT-symmetric non-Hermitian two-component superfluid
• Dynamical control of solitons in a parity-time-symmetric coupler by periodic management
• Simple models of three coupled $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric wave guides allowing for third-order exceptional points
• Time-dependent spectral renormalization method
• PT-symmetric gain and loss in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
• Broken Hermiticity phase transition in Bose-Hubbard model
• Imaginary spin-orbital coupling in parity-time symmetric systems with momentum-dependent gain and loss
• Making the PT symmetry unbreakable
• Analytic approximation for eigenvalues of a class of $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetric Hamiltonians
• Robust PT symmetry of two-dimensional fundamental and vortex solitons supported by spatially modulated nonlinearity
• PT-symmetric and antisymmetric nonlinear states in a split potential box
• Stable high-charge vortex dissipative solitons in azimuthally modulated waveguide arrays with localized gain
• Computing eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of boundary value problems with the orthogonal spectral renormalization method