Solitonic Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates

Abstract

We analyse, theoretically and experimentally, the nature of solitonic vortices (SV) in an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate. In the experiment, such defects are created via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, when the temperature of a gas of sodium atoms is quenched across the BEC transition, and are imaged after a free expansion of the condensate. By using the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we calculate the in-trap density and phase distributions characterizing a SV in the crossover from an elongate quasi-1D to a bulk 3D regime. The simulations show that the free expansion strongly amplifies the key features of a SV and produces a remarkable twist of the solitonic plane due to the quantized vorticity associated with the defect. Good agreement is found between simulations and experiments.

6 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Observation of Solitonic Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Motion of a Solitonic Vortex in the BEC-BCS Crossover
• Solitons, solitonic vortices, and vortex rings in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate
• Chladni solitons and the onset of the snaking instability for dark solitons in confined superfluids
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• Creation and counting of defects in a temperature quenched Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Temperature induced decay of persistent currents in a superfluid ultracold gas
• Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates with $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric gain and loss
• Observation of a Spinning Top in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• From vortices to solitonic vortices in trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
• Measurement of the order parameter and its spatial fluctuations across Bose-Einstein condensation
• Engineering phase and density of Bose-Einstein condensates in curved waveguides with toroidal topology
• Optical visibility and core structure of vortex filaments in a bosonic superfluid
• Dynamical Instability of 3d Stationary and Traveling Planar Dark Solitons
• Dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates: a dataset for many-body physics research
• Dynamics of a solitonic vortex in an anisotropically trapped superfluid
• Phase Retrieval of Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates