The phase diagram and vortex properties of PT-symmetric non-Hermitian two-component superfluid

Abstract

We discuss the phase diagram and properties of global vortices in the non-Hermitian parity-time-symmetric relativistic model possessing two interacting scalar complex fields. The phase diagram contains stable PT-symmetric regions and unstable PT-broken regions, which intertwine nontrivially with the U(1)-symmetric and U(1)-broken phases, thus forming rich patterns in the space of parameters of the model. The notion of the PT-symmetry breaking is generalized to the interacting theory. At finite quartic couplings, the non-Hermitian model possesses classical vortex solutions in the PT-symmetric regions characterized by broken U(1) symmetry. In the long-range limit of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, the vortices from different condensates experience mutual dissipative dynamics unless their cores overlap precisely. For comparison, we also consider a close Hermitian analog of the system and demonstrate that the non-Hermitian two-component model possesses much richer dynamics than its Hermitian counterpart.

19 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor corrections, clarifications and references added; published version

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Cited by in corpus (5)

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• Electric conductivity in non-Hermitian holography
• Universal scaling at a pre-thermal dark state
• Tunable tachyon mass in the PT-broken massive Thirring model
• Breakdown of the Meissner effect at the zero exceptional point in non-Hermitian two-band BCS model