Large-scale filamentary structures around the Virgo cluster revisited

Abstract

We revisit the filamentary structures of galaxies around the Virgo cluster, exploiting a larger dataset based on the HyperLeda database than previous studies. In particular, this includes a large number of low-luminosity galaxies, resulting in better sampled individual structures. We confirm seven known structures in the distance range 4~$h^{-1}$~Mpc~$<$ SGY~$<$ 16~$h^{-1}$ Mpc, now identified as filaments, where SGY is the axis of the supergalactic coordinate system roughly along the line of sight. The Hubble diagram of the filament galaxies suggests they are infalling toward the main-body of the Virgo cluster. We propose that the collinear distribution of giant elliptical galaxies along the fundamental axis of the Virgo cluster is smoothly connected to two of these filaments (Leo~II~A and B). Behind the Virgo cluster (16~$h^{-1}$~Mpc~$<$ SGY~$<$ 27~$h^{-1}$~Mpc), we also identify a new filament elongated toward the NGC 5353/4 group ("NGC 5353/4 filament") and confirm a sheet that includes galaxies from the W and M clouds of the Virgo cluster ("W-M sheet"). In the Hubble diagram, the NGC 5353/4 filament galaxies show infall toward the NGC 5353/4 group, whereas the W-M sheet galaxies do not show hints of gravitational influence from the Virgo cluster. The filamentary structures identified can now be used to better understand the generic role of filaments in the build-up of galaxy clusters at z~$\approx$~0.

8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

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• The Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog
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Cited by in corpus (17)

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• Properties of Galaxies in Cosmic Filaments around the Virgo Cluster
• Filaments of Galaxies as a Clue to the Origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• VERTICO V: The environmentally driven evolution of the inner cold gas discs of Virgo cluster galaxies
• The M101 galaxy group as a node in the nearby cosmic filament
• Modeling the Cosmic Dispersion Measure in the D < 120 Mpc Local Universe
• Virgo Filaments V: Disrupting the Baryon Cycle in the NGC 5364 Galaxy Group
• Witnessing a Transformation to Blue-cored Dwarf Early-type Galaxies in Filaments and the Cluster Outskirts: Gas-phase Abundances and Internal Kinematics Perspectives
• Morphology of relaxed and merging galaxy clusters. Analytical models for monolithic Minkowski functionals
• Pearls on a string: Dark and bright galaxies on a strikingly straight and narrow filament
• The spatial distribution of dwarf and giant galaxies in and around Virgo cluster
• Edge-on galaxies relative to edge-on view of the Local Supercluster
• Virgo Filaments VI: H$\alpha$ clumps in the filaments around the Virgo galaxy cluster
• Star Formation Activity of Galaxies Undergoing Ram Pressure Stripping in the Virgo Cluster