Quantum spin Hall effect in rutile-based oxide multilayers

Abstract

Dirac points in two-dimensional electronic structures are a source for topological electronic states due to the $\pm \pi$ Berry phase that they sustain. Here we show that two rutile multilayers (namely (WO${}_2$)${}_2$/(ZrO${}_2$)${}_n$ and (PtO${}_2$)${}_2$/(ZrO${}_2$)${}_n$, where an active bilayer is sandwiched by a thick enough (n=6 is sufficient) band insulating substrate, show semi-metallic Dirac dispersions with a total of four Dirac cones along the $\Gamma -M$ direction. These become gapped upon the introduction of spin-orbit coupling, giving rise to an insulating ground state comprising four edge states. We discuss the origin of the lack of topological protection in terms of the valley spin-Chern numbers and the multiplicity of Dirac points. We show with a model Hamiltonian that mirror-symmetry breaking would be capable of creating a quantum phase transition to a strong topological insulator, with a single Kramers pair per edge.

7 pages, 4 figures

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