Effective electro-optic modulation in low-loss graphene-plasmonic slot waveguides

Abstract

Surface plasmon polaritons enable light concentration within subwavelength regions, opening thereby new avenues for miniaturizing the device and strengthening light-matter interactions. Here we realize effective electro-optic modulation in low-loss plasmonic waveguides with the aid of graphene, and the devices are fully integrated in the silicon-on-insulator platform. By advantageously exploiting low-loss plasmonic slot-waveguide modes, which weakly leak into a substrate while feature strong fields within the two-layer-graphene covered slots in metal, we successfully achieve a tunability of 0.13 dB/um for our fabricated graphene-plasmonic waveguide devices with extremely low insertion loss, which outperforms previously reported graphene-plasmonic devices. Our results highlight the potential of graphene plasmonic leaky-mode hybrid waveguides to realized active ultra-compact devices for optoelectronic applications.

arXiv commentrevised version with 12 pages and 4 figures

References in corpus (12)

• Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
• Graphene Photonics and Optoelectronics
• Ultrafast graphene photodetector
• Graphene photodetectors for high-speed optical communications
• Optical modulators with two-dimensional layered materials
• Graphene Plasmonics: Challenges and Opportunities
• On-chip integrated, silicon-graphene plasmonic Schottky photodetector, with high responsivity and avalanche photogain
• Effective electro-optical modulation with high extinction ratio by a graphene-silicon microring resonator
• Enhanced light-matter interaction in graphene-covered gold nanovoid arrays
• Graphene-plasmon polaritons: From fundamental properties to potential applications
• Experimental observation of plasmons in a graphene monolayer resting on a two-dimensional subwavelength silicon grating
• Direct characterization of plasmonic slot waveguides and nanocouplers

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Ultrafast and energy-efficient all-optical switching with graphene-loaded deep-subwavelength plasmonic waveguides
• Ultra-compact graphene plasmonic photodetector with the bandwidth over 110GHz
• Plasmonic monolithic lithium niobate directional coupler switches
• Ultra-compact branchless plasmonic interferometers
• Surface plasmon-polaritons in graphene, embedded into medium with gain and losses
• Roadmap on Atto-Joule per Bit Modulators