High-density kaonic-proton matter (KPM) composed of Lambda* equiv K-p multiplets and its astrophysical connections

Abstract

We propose and examine a new high-density composite of ${\Lambda }^{\ast }\equiv K^{-}p=(s\bar{u})\otimes (uud)$, which may be called {\it Kaonic Proton Matter (KPM)}, or simply, {\it ${\Lambda }^{\ast }$-Matter}, where substantial shrinkage of baryonic bound systems originating from the strong attraction of the $(\bar{K}N{)}^{I=0}$ interaction takes place, providing a ground-state neutral baryonic system with a huge energy gap. The mass of an ensemble of $(K^{-}p{)}_m$, where $m$, the number of the $K^{-}p$ pair, is larger than $m\approx 10$, is predicted to drop down below its corresponding neutron ensemble, $(n{)}_m$, since the attractive interaction is further increased by the Heitler-London type molecular covalency, as well as by chiral symmetry restoration of the QCD vacuum. Since the seed clusters ($K^{-}p$, $K^{-}pp$ and $K^{-}{K}^{-}pp$) are short-lived, the formation of such a stabilized relic ensemble, $(K^{-}p{)}_m$, may be conceived during the Big-Bang Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) period in the early universe before the hadronization and $quark$-$anti$-$quark$ annihilation proceed. At the final stage of baryogenesis a substantial amount of primordial ($\bar{u},\bar{d}$)'s are transferred and captured into {\it KPM}, where the anti-quarks find places to survive forever. The expected {\it KPM} state may be {\it cold, dense and neutral $\bar{q}q$-hybrid ({\it Quark Gluon Bound (QGB)}) states, $[s(\bar{u}\otimes u)ud{]}_m$,} to which the relic of the disappearing anti-quarks plays an essential role as hidden components. The {\it KPM} may also be produced during the formation and decay of neutron stars.

5 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis
• Indication of a deeply bound compact K-pp state formed in the pp -> p Lambda K+ reaction at 2.85 GeV
• The basic K nuclear cluster K- pp and its enhanced formation in the p + p -> K+ + X reaction
• Measurement of the Sigma pi photoproduction line shapes near the Lambda(1405)
• Multi-$\bar{K}$ nuclei and kaon condensation
• Super strong nuclear force caused by migrating Kbar mesons - Revival of the Heitler-London-Heisenberg scheme in kaonic nuclear clusters
• Muon bundles as a sign of strangelets from the Universe

Cited by in corpus (5)

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• ${\Lambda }^{\ast }(1405)$-matter: stable or unstable?
• On the Stability of $\Lambda (1405)$ Matter
• Old and New in Strangeness Nuclear Physics
• Probing the Source of Proton Mass by"Unbreaking" Scale-Chiral Symmetry