Magnetic field dependence of the internal quality factor and noise performance of lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors

Abstract

We present a technique for increasing the internal quality factor of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) by nulling ambient magnetic fields with a properly applied magnetic field. The KIDs used in this study are made from thin-film aluminum, they are mounted inside a light-tight package made from bulk aluminum, and they are operated near $150\mathrm{mK}$. Since the thin-film aluminum has a slightly elevated critical temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}=1.4\mathrm{K}$), it therefore transitions before the package ($T_{\mathrm{c}}=1.2\mathrm{K}$), which also serves as a magnetic shield. On cooldown, ambient magnetic fields as small as approximately $30\mu \mathrm{T}$ can produce vortices in the thin-film aluminum as it transitions because the bulk aluminum package has not yet transitioned and therefore is not yet shielding. These vortices become trapped inside the aluminum package below $1.2\mathrm{K}$ and ultimately produce low internal quality factors in the thin-film superconducting resonators. We show that by controlling the strength of the magnetic field present when the thin film transitions, we can control the internal quality factor of the resonators. We also compare the noise performance with and without vortices present, and find no evidence for excess noise beyond the increase in amplifier noise, which is expected with increasing loss.

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (10)

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• High quality factor manganese-doped aluminum lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors sensitive to frequencies below 100 GHz
• Thermal kinetic inductance detectors for ground-based millimeter-wave cosmology
• The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers
• Protocols to measure the non-Abelian Berry phase by pumping a spin qubit through a quantum-dot loop
• Microwave response of type-II superconductors at weak pinning
• Enhanced Athermal Phonon Responsivity in a Kinetic Inductance Detector with Integrated Phonon Collectors
• CCAT-prime: Characterization of the First 280 GHz MKID Array for Prime-Cam
• Magnetic field tunable spectral response of kinetic inductance detectors
• Operational Optimization to Maximize Dynamic Range in EXCLAIM Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors