The Demographics of galactic bulges in the SDSS database

Abstract

We present a new database of our two-dimensional bulge-disk decompositions for 14,233 galaxies drawn from SDSS DR12 in order to examine the properties of bulges residing in the local universe ($0.005<z<0.05$). We performed decompositions in $g$ and $r$ bands by utilizing the {\sc{galfit}} software. The bulge colors and bulge-to-total ratios are found to be sensitive to the details in the decomposition technique, and hence we hereby provide full details of our method. The $g-r$ colors of bulges derived are almost constantly red regardless of bulge size except for the bulges in the low bulge-to-total ratio galaxies ($B/T_{\mathrm{r}}\lesssim 0.3$). Bulges exhibit similar scaling relations to those followed by elliptical galaxies, but the bulges in galaxies with lower bulge-to-total ratios clearly show a gradually larger departure in slope from the elliptical galaxy sequence. The scatters around the scaling relations are also larger for the bulges in galaxies with lower bulge-to-total ratios. Both the departure in slopes and larger scatters are likely originated from the presence of young stars. The bulges in galaxies with low bulge-to-total ratios show signs of a frosting of young stars so substantial that their luminosity-weighted Balmer-line ages are as small as 1\,Gyr in some cases. While bulges seem largely similar in optical properties to elliptical galaxies, they do show clear and systematic departures as a function of bulge-to-total ratio. The stellar properties and perhaps associated formation processes of bulges seem much more diverse than those of elliptical galaxies.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in ApJS. 16 pages, 12 figures. The bulge-disk decomposition catalog will be provided

References in corpus (77)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Host Galaxies of AGN
• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• Detailed Structural Decomposition of Galaxy Images
• Theoretical Modeling of Starburst Galaxies
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• Parametric Recovery of Line-of-Sight Velocity Distributions from Absorption-Line Spectra of Galaxies via Penalized Likelihood
• Detailed Decomposition of Galaxy Images. II. Beyond Axisymmetric Models
• Secular Evolution and the Formation of Pseudobulges in Disk Galaxies
• New Insight on Galaxy Formation and Evolution from Keck Spectroscopy of the Hawaii Deep Fields
• Color Separation of Galaxy Types in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Imaging Data
• The ages and metallicities of galaxies in the local universe
• The SAURON project - IV. The mass-to-light ratio, the virial mass estimator and the fundamental plane of elliptical and lenticular galaxies
• The formation history of elliptical galaxies
• Stellar population models of Lick indices with variable element abundance ratios
• The SAURON project - V. Integral-field emission-line kinematics of 48 elliptical and lenticular galaxies
• Observational evidence for AGN feedback in early-type galaxies
• The Broad-band Optical Properties of Galaxies with Redshifts 0.0 < z < 0.2
• The Stellar Population Histories of Local Early-Type Galaxies. I. Population Parameters
• A Catalog of Bulge+Disk Decompositions and Updated Photometry for 1.12 Million Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Structural Properties of Pseudo-Bulges, Classical Bulges and Elliptical Galaxies: an SDSS Perspective
• The DEEP Groth Strip Survey II. Hubble Space Telescope Structural Parameters of Galaxies in the Groth Strip
• Early-type galaxies in the SDSS. III. The Fundamental Plane
• Bulge Growth and Quenching since z = 2.5 in CANDELS/3D-HST
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Structural Investigation of Galaxies via Model Analysis (SIGMA)
• What turns galaxies off? The different morphologies of star-forming and quiescent galaxies since z~2 from CANDELS
• Early-type galaxies in the SDSS. II. Correlations between observables
• Structure of Disk Dominated Galaxies I. Bulge/Disk Parameters, Simulations, and Secular Evolution
• The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: morphological classification and bimodality in the colour-concentration plane
• Bulge n and B/T in High Mass Galaxies: Constraints on the Origin of Bulges in Hierarchical Models
• GEMS: Galaxy fitting catalogues and testing parametric galaxy fitting codes
• Bulge mass is king: The dominant role of the bulge in determining the fraction of passive galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The impact of interactions, bars, bulges, and AGN on star formation efficiency in local massive galaxies
• A catalog of bulge, disk, and total stellar mass estimates for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: Bulge/Disc Decomposition of 10095 Nearby Galaxies
• Early-type galaxies in the SDSS. IV. Colors and chemical evolution
• Bulges Of Nearby Galaxies With Spitzer: Scaling Relations in Pseudobulges and Classical Bulges
• A catalogue of 2D photometric decompositions in the SDSS-DR7 spectroscopic main galaxy sample: preferred models and systematics
• A comparison of stellar populations in galaxy populations across a wide range of Hubble types
• Improved and Quality-assessed Emission and Absorption Line measurements in Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies
• Composite Bulges: The Coexistence of Classical Bulges and Disky Pseudobulges in S0 and Spiral Galaxies
• Astrophysically Motivated Bulge-Disk Decompositions of SDSS Galaxies
• Dissecting the Red Sequence--II. Star Formation Histories of Early-Type Galaxies Throughout the Fundamental Plane
• Bar effects on central star formation and AGN activity
• Galactic Bulges from HST-NICMOS Observations: Ages and Dust
• Dependence of the Fundamental Plane Scatter on Galaxy Age
• Uncertainties of Synthetic Integrated Colors as Age Indicators
• Bars rejuvenating bulges? Evidence from stellar population analysis
• The SAURON project - XIII. SAURON-GALEX study of early-type galaxies: the ultraviolet colour-magnitude relations and Fundamental Planes
• The Luminosity-Metallicity Relation for Bulges of Spiral Galaxies
• Luminosity Dependence in the Fundamental Plane Projections of Elliptical Galaxies
• Evidence of major dry mergers at M* > 2 x 10^11 Msun from curvature in early-type galaxy scaling relations?
• Luminosity and stellar mass functions of disks and spheroids in the SDSS and the supermassive black hole mass function
• The Origin of the Intrinsic Scatter in the Relation Between Black Hole Mass and Bulge Luminosity for Nearby Active Galaxies
• Kinematic Signatures of Bulges Correlate with Bulge Morphologies and Sérsic Index
• Bulges on the Fundamental Plane of Early-Type Galaxies
• Simulations of single and two-component galaxy decompositions for spectroscopically selected galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Stellar Populations of Bulges in 14 Cluster Disc Galaxies
• The Origin of S0s in Clusters: evidence from the bulge and disc star formation histories
• On ths assembly history of stellar components in massive galaxies
• Spectroscopic bulge-disc decomposition: a new method to study the evolution of lenticular galaxies
• Demography of SDSS early-type galaxies from the perspective of radial color gradients
• Elliptical Galaxies and Bulges of Disk Galaxies: Summary of Progress and Outstanding Issues
• On the Invariant Distribution of Galaxies in the re--mie plane out to z = 0.64
• Structure and dynamics of galaxies with a low surface-brightness disc - II. Stellar populations of bulges
• Colours of Bulges and Discs within Galaxy Clusters and the Signature of Disc Fading on Infall
• Are (pseudo)bulges in isolated galaxies actually primordial relics?
• The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Stellar Population Trends Across and Through the Fundamental Plane
• The Fundamental Planes of E+A galaxies and GALEX UV-excess early-type galaxies: Revealing their intimate connection
• Demographics of Isolated Galaxies Along the Hubble Sequence
• The Link Between Morphology and Structure of Brightest Cluster Galaxies: Automatic Identification of cDs
• A Steep Slope and Small Scatter for the High-Mass End of the L-$\sigma$ Relation at $z\sim 0.55$
• A WFC3 study of globular clusters in NGC 4150 - an early-type minor merger
• Demographics of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies along the Hubble sequence
• Why do galaxies stop forming stars? I. The passive fraction - black hole mass relation for central galaxies
• Formation of Bulges

Cited by in corpus (22)

• An Optimal Strategy for Accurate Bulge-to-disk Decomposition of Disk Galaxies
• S0 galaxies are faded spirals: clues from their angular momentum content
• KYDISC: Galaxy Morphology, Quenching, and Mergers in the Cluster Environment
• xGASS: The Impact of Photometric Bulges on the Scatter of HI Scaling Relations
• Aging of galaxies along the morphological sequence, marked by bulge growth and disk quenching
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Bulge-disk decomposition of KiDS data in the nearby universe
• The Compact UV Size of Green Pea Galaxies As Local Analogs of High-redshift Ly$\alpha$-Emitters
• No evidence for small disk-like bulges in a sample of late-type spirals
• Composite Bulges -- II. Classical Bulges and Nuclear Discs in Barred Galaxies: The Contrasting Cases of NGC 4608 and NGC 4643
• Galaxy Structure, Stellar Populations, and Star Formation Quenching at 0.6 $\lesssim$ $z$ $\lesssim$ 1.2
• Structural properties of faint low surface brightness galaxies
• The galaxy population within the virial radius of the Perseus cluster
• Dissecting Nearby Galaxies with piXedfit: II. Spatially Resolved Scaling Relations Among Stars, Dust, and Gas
• Barlenses in the CALIFA survey: combining the photometric and stellar population analysis
• DELIGHT: Deep Learning Identification of Galaxy Hosts of Transients using Multi-resolution Images
• Close Major Merger Pairs at $z=0$: Bulge-to-Total Ratio and Star Formation Enhancement
• Nuclear starburst activity induced by elongated bulges in spiral galaxies
• Tailoring galaxies: size-luminosity-surface brightness relations of bulges and disks along the morphological sequence
• Euclid: Early Release Observations -- The surface brightness and colour profiles of the far outskirts of galaxies in the Perseus cluster
• On the Structure of the AGN Torus through the Fraction of Optically-Selected Type 1 AGNs
• A reference sample of face-on bulgeless galaxies
• Color Dispersion as an Indicator of Stellar Population Complexity: Insights from the Pixel Color-Magnitude Diagrams of 32 Bright Galaxies in Abell 1139 and Abell 2589