The spatial distribution of neutral hydrogen as traced by low HI mass galaxies

Abstract

The formation and evolution of galaxies with low neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) masses, M${}_{\mathrm{HI}}$$<$10${}^8{h}^{-2}$M${}_{\odot }$, are affected by host dark matter halo mass and photoionisation feedback from the UV background after the end of reionization. We study how the physical processes governing the formation of galaxies with low HI mass are imprinted on the distribution of neutral hydrogen in the Universe using the hierarchical galaxy formation model, GALFORM. We calculate the effect on the correlation function of changing the HI mass detection threshold at redshifts $0\le z\le 0.5$. We parameterize the clustering as $\xi (r)=(r/r_0{)}^{-\gamma }$ and we find that including galaxies with M${}_{\mathrm{HI}}$$<$10${}^8{h}^{-2}$M${}_{\odot }$ increases the clustering amplitude $r_0$ and slope $\gamma$ compared to samples of higher HI masses. This is due to these galaxies with low HI masses typically being hosted by haloes with masses greater than 10${}^{12}{h}^{-1}$M${}_{\odot }$, and is in contrast to optically selected surveys for which the inclusion of faint, blue galaxies lowers the clustering amplitude. We show the HI mass function for different host dark matter halo masses and galaxy types (central or satellite) to interpret the values of $r_0$ and $\gamma$ of the clustering of HI-selected galaxies. We also predict the contribution of low HI mass galaxies to the 21cm intensity mapping signal. We calculate that a dark matter halo mass resolution better than $\sim$10${}^{10}{h}^{-1}$M${}_{\odot }$ at redshifts higher than 0.5 is required in order to predict converged 21cm brightness temperature fluctuations.

14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for pubication in MNRAS

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• Direct Measurement of the HI-Halo Mass Relation through Stacking
• Constraints on the evolution of the relationship between HI mass and halo mass in the last 12 Gyr
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• The physical drivers of the atomic hydrogen-halo mass relation
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• The neutral hydrogen distribution in large-scale haloes from 21-cm intensity maps
• Modelling the post-reionization neutral hydrogen ($\mathrm{HI}$) 21-cm bispectrum
• Redshift space distortions of the {\rm HI} 21-cm intensity mapping signal due to the internal motions within galaxies
• The galaxy HI-(sub)halo connection and the HI spatial clustering of local galaxies
• The HI-halo mass relation at redshift $z\sim 1$ from the Minkowski functionals of 21 cm intensity maps
• The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum (T-RECS) simulation II: HI emission and continuum-HI cross-correlation
• The Population of Galaxies that Contribute to The HI Mass Function
• The Dark Matter Halos of HI Selected Galaxies