Observation of Four-body Ring-exchange Interactions and Anyonic Fractional Statistics

Abstract

Ring exchange is an elementary interaction for modeling unconventional topological matters which hold promise for efficient quantum information processing. We report the observation of four-body ring-exchange interactions and the topological properties of anyonic excitations within an ultracold atom system. A minimum toric code Hamiltonian in which the ring exchange is the dominant term, was implemented by engineering a Hubbard Hamiltonian that describes atomic spins in disconnected plaquette arrays formed by two orthogonal superlattices. The ring-exchange interactions were resolved from the dynamical evolutions in the spin orders, matching well with the predicted energy gaps between two anyonic excitations of the spin system. A braiding operation was applied to the spins in the plaquettes and an induced phase $1.00(3)\pi$ in the four-spin state was observed, confirming $\frac{1}{2}$-anynoic statistics. This work represents an essential step towards studying topological matters with many-body systems and the applications in quantum computation and simulation.

References in corpus (21)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Non-Abelian Anyons and Topological Quantum Computation
• Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
• Topological characterization of periodically-driven quantum systems
• Measuring entanglement entropy through the interference of quantum many-body twins
• An Open-System Quantum Simulator with Trapped Ions
• Quantum Simulation of Antiferromagnetic Spin Chains in an Optical Lattice
• Time-resolved Observation and Control of Superexchange Interactions with Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Quantum Simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories using Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Non-standard Hubbard models in optical lattices: a review
• Atomic Quantum Simulation of U(N) and SU(N) Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories
• Atomic quantum simulator for lattice gauge theories and ring exchange models
• Creation, manipulation, and detection of Abelian and non-Abelian anyons in optical lattices
• Two-dimensional Lattice Gauge Theories with Superconducting Quantum Circuits
• Spatially Resolved Detection of a Spin-Entanglement Wave in a Bose-Hubbard Chain
• Anyonic interferometry and protected memories in atomic spin lattices
• d-wave resonating valence bond states of fermionic atoms in optical lattices
• Generation and Detection of Atomic Spin Entanglement in Optical Lattices
• Creation and Manipulation of Anyons in the Kitaev Model
• Minimum instances of topological matter in an optical plaquette
• Anyonic Braiding in Optical Lattices

Cited by in corpus (83)

• Topological phases of non-Hermitian systems
• Floquet approach to ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
• Observation of gauge invariance in a 71-site Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator
• Thermalization dynamics of a gauge theory on a quantum simulator
• Nagaoka ferromagnetism observed in a quantum dot plaquette
• Emerging 2D Gauge theories in Rydberg configurable arrays
• Antiferromagnetic spin correlation of SU($\mathcal{N}$) Fermi gas in an optical super-lattice
• Long-Range Prethermal Phases of Nonequilibrium Matter
• Reliability of lattice gauge theories
• Realizing a 1D topological gauge theory in an optically dressed BEC
• Gauge protection in non-Abelian lattice gauge theories
• Emulating quantum teleportation of a Majorana zero mode qubit
• Large-scale Ising Emulation with Four-Body Interaction and All-to-All Connection
• Programmable Quantum Annealing Architectures with Ising Quantum Wires
• Realization of a Bosonic Antiferromagnet
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories and Kitaev's toric code: A scheme for analog quantum simulation
• Bosonic continuum theory of one-dimensional lattice anyons
• Non-Hermitian Dynamic Strings and Anomalous Topological Degeneracy on non-Hermitian Toric-code Model with Parity-time Symmetry
• Atomtronic protocol designs for NOON states
• Quantum simulation of three-body interactions in weakly driven quantum systems
• Scalable cold-atom quantum simulator for two-dimensional QED
• Encoding a one-dimensional topological gauge theory in a Raman-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Demonstration of tunable three-body interactions between superconducting qubits
• Dynamical phase transitions in quantum spin models with antiferromagnetic long-range interactions
• Synthesizing five-body interaction in a superconducting quantum circuit
• Bosonic Pfaffian State in the Hofstadter-Bose-Hubbard Model
• Thouless Pumps and Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in Higher-Order Symmetry-Protected Topological Phases
• Simultaneous excitation of two noninteracting atoms with time-frequency correlated photon pairs in a superconducting circuit
• Quantum critical phase transition between two topologically-ordered phases in the Ising toric code bilayer
• Realizing topologically ordered states on a quantum processor
• A Cold-Atom Particle Collider
• Robustness of gauge-invariant dynamics against defects in ultracold-atom gauge theories
• Characterizing topological order by the information convex
• Deconfining disordered phase in two-dimensional quantum link models
• Engineering topological states and quantum-inspired information processing using classical circuits
• Chiral Y junction of quantum spin chains
• Dynamical localization transition of string breaking in quantum spin chains
• Lieb Schultz Mattis-Type Theorems and Other Non-perturbative Results for Strongly Correlated Systems with Conserved Dipole Moments
• Floquet-Induced Superfluidity with Periodically Modulated Interactions of Two-Species Hardcore Bosons in a One-dimensional Optical Lattice
• State-dependent potentials for the ${}^1{\text{S}}_0$ and ${}^3{\text{P}}_0$ clock states of neutral ytterbium atoms
• Quantum spin circulator in Y junctions of Heisenberg chains
• Deploying hybrid quantum-secured infrastructure for applications: When quantum and post-quantum can work together
• Spatial Coherence of a Strongly Interacting Bose Gas in the Trimerized Kagome Lattice
• Reliability of lattice gauge theories in the thermodynamic limit
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ lattice gauge theory in a ladder geometry
• Synthetic ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theories based on parametric excitations of trapped ions
• Violation of Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis in Quantum Field Theories with Higher-Form Symmetry
• Multiparticle interactions for ultracold atoms in optical tweezers: Cyclic ring-exchange terms
• Universal quantum state preparation via revised greedy algorithm
• Non-Fermi liquid induced by Bose metal with protected subsystem symmetries
• Large-Scale $2+1$D $\mathrm{U}(1)$ Gauge Theory with Dynamical Matter in a Cold-Atom Quantum Simulator
• Quantum metrology with precision reaching beyond-$1/N$ scaling through $N$-probe entanglement generating interactions
• Engineering Quantum Spin Liquids and Many-Body Majorana States with a Driven Superconducting Box Circuit
• The Quantum Hall Effect with Wilczek's charged magnetic flux tubes instead of electrons
• Non-perturbative Floquet engineering of the toric-code Hamiltonian and its ground state
• Anyon condensation and confinement transition in a Kitaev spin liquid bilayer
• Cooper quartets in interacting hybrid superconducting systems
• The rotor Jackiw-Rebbi model: a cold-atom approach to chiral symmetry restoration and quark confinement
• Topological error correction with a Gaussian cluster state
• Noise-aware variational eigensolvers: a dissipative route for lattice gauge theories
• Yang monopoles and emergent three-dimensional topological defects in interacting bosons
• Cold atoms meet lattice gauge theory
• Synthetic anyons in noninteracting systems
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of fluctuations in an ultra-cold atomic mixture
• Non-Abelian Anyons in Periodically Driven Abelian Spin Liquids
• Higher order spin interactions mediated by the substrate
• Simulation of the Ring-exchange Models with Projected Entangled Pair States
• Quantum phase diagram for two species hardcore bosons in one-dimensional optical lattices with the resonantly driven Rabi frequency
• Mixed-State Quantum Spin Liquids and Dynamical Anyon Condensations in Kitaev Lindbladians
• Exploring the Strongly-Interacting Regime of Effective Multi-Body Interactions in a Trapped Ultracold Atom System
• Lattice-enabled detection of spin-dependent three-body interactions
• Quantum simulation of fermionic non-Abelian lattice gauge theories in $(2+1)$D with built-in gauge protection
• Manifold formation and crossings of ultracold lattice spinor atoms in the intermediate interaction regime
• The influence of sublattice bias on superfluid to Mott insulator transitions
• Exact diagonalization study of triangular Heisenberg model with four-spin ring-exchange interaction
• Families of $d=2$ 2D subsystem stabilizer codes for universal Hamiltonian quantum computation with two-body interactions
• Engineering long-range and multi-body interactions via global kinetic constraints
• An exactly solvable model for anyons with non-Abelian flux
• Anyonic two-photon statistics with a semiconductor chip
• Ground-state phase diagram of quantum link electrodynamics in $(2+1)$-d
• Higher-order topological quantum paramagnets
• Nutation dynamics and multifrequency resonance in a many-body seesaw
• Hierarchy of degenerate stationary states in a boundary-driven dipole-conserving spin chain