Robust zero-energy bound states around a pair-density-wave vortex core in locally noncentrosymmetric superconductors

Abstract

We numerically investigate the electronic structures around a vortex core in a bilayer superconducting system, with s-wave pairing, Rashba spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman magnetic field, with use of the quasiclassical Green's function method. The Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) phase and the so-called pair-density wave (PDW) phase appear in the temperature-magnetic-field phase diagram in a bulk uniform system [Phys. Rev. B 86, 134514 (2012)]. In the low magnetic field perpendicular to the layers, the zero-energy vortex bound states in the BCS phase are split by the Zeeman magnetic field. On the other hand, the PDW state appears in the high magnetic field, and sign of the order parameter is opposite between the layers. We find that the vortex core suddenly shrinks and the zero-energy bound states appear by increasing the magnetic field through the BCS-PDW transition. We discuss the origin of the change in vortex core structure between the BCS and PDW states by clarifying the relation between the vortex bound states and the bulk energy spectra. In the high magnetic field region, the PDW state and vortex bound states are protected by the spin-orbit coupling. These characteristic behaviors in the PDW state can be observed by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy.

11 pages, 7 figures

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• Superconductivity in disordered locally noncentrosymmetric materials: an application to CeRh${}_2$As${}_2$
• Orbitally limited pair-density wave phase of multilayer superconductors
• Microscopic model for the hidden Rashba effect in YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+x}$
• Magnetoelectric Response in Electric Octupole State: Possible Hidden Order in Cuprate Superconductors
• Superconducting meron phase in locally noncentrosymmetric superconductors
• Field resilient superconductivity in atomic layer crystalline materials
• Quasiclassical theory of vortex states in locally non-centrosymmetric superconductors: application to CeRh${}_2$As${}_2$
• Intrinsic Mechanism for Magneto-Thermal Conductivity Oscillations in Spin-Orbit-Coupled Nodal Superconductors