Spontaneous symmetry breaking and phase coherence of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a reservoir
arXiv:1512.07148 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.033604
Abstract
We examine the phase evolution of a Bose-Einstein condensate of photons generated in a dye microcavity by temporal interference with a phase reference. The photo-excitable dye molecules constitute a reservoir of variable size for the condensate particles, allowing for grand canonical statistics with photon bunching, as in a lamp-type source. We directly observe phase jumps of the condensate associated with the large statistical number fluctuations and find a separation of correlation timescales. For large systems, our data reveals phase coherence and a spontaneously broken symmetry, despite the statistical fluctuations.
11 pages, 4 figures
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