Dynamical magnetoelectric phenomena of multiferroic skyrmions

Abstract

Magnetic skyrmions, vortex-like swirling spin textures characterized by a quantized topological invariant, realized in chiral-lattice magnets are currently attracting intense research interest. In particular, their dynamics under external fields is an issue of vital importance both for fundamental science and for technical application. Whereas observations of magnetic skyrmions had been limited to metallic magnets so far, their realization was discovered also in a chiral-lattice insulating magnet Cu2OSeO3 in 2012. Skyrmions in the insulator turned out to exhibit multiferroic nature with spin-induced ferroelectricity. Strong magnetoelectric coupling between noncollinear skyrmion spins and electric polarizations mediated by relativistic spin-orbit interaction enables us to drive motion and oscillation of magnetic skyrmions by application of electric fields instead of injection of electric currents. Insulating materials also provide an environment suitable for detection of pure spin dynamics through spectroscopic measurements owing to absence of appreciable charge excitations. In this article, we review recent theoretical and experimental studies on multiferroic properties and dynamical magnetoelectric phenomena of magnetic skyrmions in insulators. We argue that multiferroic skyrmions show unique coupled oscillation modes of magnetizations and polarizations, so-called electromagnon excitations, which are both magnetically and electrically active, and interference between the electric and magnetic activation processes leads to peculiar magnetoelectric effects in a microwave frequency regime.

27 pages, 26 figures, invited review article, to be published in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter

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• Low spin wave damping in the insulating chiral magnet Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
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• Field dependence of non-reciprocal magnons in chiral MnSi
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• Controlled creation of nanometric skyrmions using external magnetic fields
• Magnon-photon coupling in a non-collinear magnetic insulator Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$
• Formation process of skyrmion lattice domain boundaries: The role of grain boundaries
• Dynamical Switching of Magnetic Topology in Microwave-Driven Itinerant Magnet
• Handwritten Digit Recognition by Spin Waves in a Skyrmion Reservoir
• Laser-controlled real- and reciprocal-space topology in multiferroic insulators
• Laminar and transiently disordered dynamics of a magnetic skyrmion pipe flow
• Magnetoelectric Cavity Magnonics in Skyrmion Crystals
• Bifurcation of a Topological Skyrmion String
• Chiral Skyrmions Interacting with Chiral Flowers
• Recent Advances in Unconventional Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics
• Dynamic transformation between a skyrmion string and a bimeron string in a layered frustrated system
• Field-induced reorientation of helimagnetic order in Cu${}_2$OSeO${}_3$ probed by magnetic force microscopy
• Controllable Creation of Skyrmion Bags in a Ferromagnetic Nanodisk
• Breathing Modes of Skyrmion Strings in a Synthetic Antiferromagnet
• Bimerons create bimerons: proliferation and aggregation induced by currents and magnetic fields
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• Selective Activation of an Isolated Magnetic Skyrmion in a Ferromagnet with Microwave Electric Fields
• Structural transition of skyrmion quasiparticles under compression
• Controllable inter-skyrmion attractions and resulting skyrmion-lattice structures in two-dimensional chiral magnets with in-plane anisotropy
• Suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect in synthetic ferrimagnets with gradient magnetization
• Skyrmion crystal under $D_{3h}$ point group: Role of out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
• Elementary excitation in the spin-stripe phase in quantum chains
• High-field magnetoelectric coupling and successive magnetic transitions in Mn-doped polar antiferromagnet Ni3TeO6
• Driving Skyrmions on a Composite Multiferroic Lattice
• Microscopic magnetization distribution of Bloch lines in a uniaxial magnet
• Thermoelectric effect of skyrmion crystal confined in a magnetic disk
• Skyrmion crystal with integer and fractional skyrmion numbers in a nonsymmorphic lattice structure with the screw axis
• Electrodynamics of magnetoelectric media and magnetoelectric fields
• Driving Skyrmions in a Composite Bilayer
• All-electric control of skyrmion-bimeron transition in van der Waals heterostructures
• Antiferromagnetic spin cantings as a driving force of ferroelectricity in multiferroic Cu2OSeO3
• Global Rotation of Skyrmion Bags under Vertical Microwave Fields
• Transformation of a cellular skyrmion to polyomino-like structures
• Reversible magnetic domain reorientation induced by magnetic field pulses with fixed direction
• Control of a polar order via magnetic field in a vector-chiral magnet
• Interplay of electric and magnetic fields in skyrmion phases of the classical Heisenberg model on a square lattice
• Janus skyrmion: Interfacial quasiparticle with two-faced helicity