Lumped element kinetic inductance detectors maturity for space-borne instruments in the range between 80 and 180 GHz

Abstract

This work intends to give the state-of-the-art of our knowledge of the performance of LEKIDs at millimetre wavelengths (from 80 to 180~GHz). We evaluate their optical sensitivity under typical background conditions and their interaction with ionising particles. Two LEKID arrays, originally designed for ground-based applications and composed of a few hundred pixels each, operate at a central frequency of 100, and 150~GHz ($\Delta \nu /\nu$ about 0.3). Their sensitivities have been characterised in the laboratory using a dedicated closed-circle 100~mK dilution cryostat and a sky simulator, allowing for the reproduction of realistic, space-like observation conditions. The impact of cosmic rays has been evaluated by exposing the LEKID arrays to alpha particles (${}^{241}$Am) and X sources (${}^{109}$Cd) with a readout sampling frequency similar to the ones used for Planck HFI (about 200~Hz), and also with a high resolution sampling level (up to 2~MHz) in order to better characterise and interpret the observed glitches. In parallel, we have developed an analytical model to rescale the results to what would be observed by such a LEKID array at the second Lagrangian point.

7 pages, 2 tables, 13 figures

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• Kinetic Inductance Detectors for the OLIMPO experiment: in--flight operation and performance
• LEKID sensitivity for space applications between 80 and 600 GHz
• Detection of the magnetar XTE J1810-197 at 150 and 260 GHz with the NIKA2 Kinetic Inductance Detector camera
• Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors for space applications
• Cosmic ray susceptibility of the Terahertz Intensity Mapper detector arrays