Topological insulators are tunable waveguides for hyperbolic polaritons

Abstract

Layered topological insulators, for example, Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ are optically hyperbolic materials in a range of THz frequencies. Such materials possess deeply subdiffractional, highly directional collective modes: hyperbolic phonon-polaritons. In thin crystals the dispersion of such modes is split into discrete subbands and is strongly influenced by electron surface states. If the surface states are doped, then hybrid collective modes result from coupling of the phonon-polaritons with surface plasmons. The strength of the hybridization can be controlled by an external gate that varies the chemical potential of the surface states. Momentum-dependence of the plasmon-phonon coupling leads to a polaritonic analog of the Goos-Hänchen effect. Directionality of the polaritonic rays and their tunable Goos-Hänchen shift are observable via THz nanoimaging.

arXiv comment12 pages, 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Polaritons in layered 2D materials
• Relative efficiency of polariton emission in two-dimensional materials
• Negative refraction in hyperbolic hetero-bicrystals
• Manipulation and steering of hyperbolic surface polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride
• Plasmonics in topological insulators: Spin-charge separation, the influence of the inversion layer, and phonon-plasmon coupling
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• Artifact Free Transient Near-Field Nanoscopy
• Strong Interaction of Cherenkov Radiation with Excitons in WSe2 Crystals