Improved absolute calibration of LOPES measurements and its impact on the comparison with REAS 3.11 and CoREAS simulations

Abstract

LOPES was a digital antenna array detecting the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. The calibration of the absolute amplitude scale of the measurements was done using an external, commercial reference source, which emits a frequency comb with defined amplitudes. Recently, we obtained improved reference values by the manufacturer of the reference source, which significantly changed the absolute calibration of LOPES. We reanalyzed previously published LOPES measurements, studying the impact of the changed calibration. The main effect is an overall decrease of the LOPES amplitude scale by a factor of $2.6\pm 0.2$, affecting all previously published values for measurements of the electric-field strength. This results in a major change in the conclusion of the paper 'Comparing LOPES measurements of air-shower radio emission with REAS 3.11 and CoREAS simulations' published in Astroparticle Physics 50-52 (2013) 76-91: With the revised calibration, LOPES measurements now are compatible with CoREAS simulations, but in tension with REAS 3.11 simulations. Since CoREAS is the latest version of the simulation code incorporating the current state of knowledge on the radio emission of air showers, this new result indicates that the absolute amplitude prediction of current simulations now is in agreement with experimental data.

Partly changes results and conclusion of publication Astroparticle Physics 50-52 (2013) 76-91 (arXiv:1309.5920)

References in corpus (5)

• The spectrum of high-energy cosmic rays measured with KASCADE-Grande
• Measurement of cosmic-ray air showers with the Tunka Radio Extension (Tunka-Rex)
• Reconstruction of the energy and depth of maximum of cosmic-ray air-showers from LOPES radio measurements
• Calibrating the absolute amplitude scale for air showers measured at LOFAR
• Experimental evidence for the sensitivity of the air-shower radio signal to the longitudinal shower development

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• Calibrating the absolute amplitude scale for air showers measured at LOFAR
• A comparison of the cosmic-ray energy scales of Tunka-133 and KASCADE-Grande via their radio extensions Tunka-Rex and LOPES
• Accelerator measurements of magnetically-induced radio emission from particle cascades with applications to cosmic-ray air showers
• Reconstruction of cosmic ray air showers with Tunka-Rex data using template fitting of radio pulses
• Calibration of the LOFAR low-band antennas using the Galaxy and a model of the signal chain
• Autonomous radiodetection of air showers with the TREND50 antenna array
• Radio Morphing: towards a fast computation of the radio signal from air showers
• Search for PeVatrons at the Galactic Center using a radio air-shower array at the South Pole
• Final results of the LOPES radio interferometer for cosmic-ray air showers
• Radio Detection of Cosmic Rays -- Achievements and Future Potential
• Radio Detection of ultra-high-energy Cosmic-Ray Air Showers
• Latest results of the Tunka Radio Extension (ISVHECRI2016)
• Tunka-Rex: Status, Plans, and Recent Results (ARENA 2016)
• Present status and prospects of the Tunka Radio Extension
• Considerations on the radio emission from extended air showers
• In-situ absolute calibration of electric-field amplitude measurements with the LPDA radio detector stations of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Air Shower Detection by Arrays of Radio Antennas (ISVHECRI 2018)
• Status of air-shower measurements with sparse radio arrays (ARENA 2016)