From classical to quantum non-equilibrium dynamics of Rydberg excitations in optical lattices

Abstract

The glass phase and its quantum analog are prominent challenges of current non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics. As a model system to study the transition from classical to quantum glassy dynamics, we propose a setup of laser driven three-level atoms trapped in an optical lattice. Tuning the strength of the laser driving to the intermediate level allows one to study the transition from a classical Kinetically Constrained Model to the coherent regime. For strong driving, Rydberg excitations evolve analogously to defects in the One-Spin Facilitated Model, a minimal model known to exhibit glassy dynamics. In our setup, the constraints result from the interplay between Rydberg interactions and the laser detuning from the Rydberg state. The emerging heterogeneous relaxation timescales are tuneable over several orders of magnitudes. In the opposite limit of weak driving of the intermediate level, we find an effective cluster model which describes the dynamics in a reduced subspace of the allowed number and positions of Rydberg excitations. This subspace is uniquely determined by the initial state and is characterized by a fixed number of clusters of Rydberg excitations. In addition, we investigate the influence of random fields on the classical relaxation. We find that the glassy dynamics can relax faster in the presence of weak random fields.

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Cited by in corpus (21)

• Localization phenomena in interacting Rydberg lattice gases with position disorder
• Absorbing state phase transition with competing quantum and classical fluctuations
• Quantum and Nonlinear Optics in Strongly Interacting Atomic Ensembles
• Vibrational dressing in Kinetically Constrained Rydberg Spin Systems
• From classical to quantum non-equilibrium dynamics of Rydberg excitations in optical lattices
• Observation of the Borromean three-body Förster resonances for three interacting Rb Rydberg atoms
• Black-body radiation induced facilitated excitation of Rydberg atoms in optical tweezers
• Localization and criticality in antiblockaded 2D Rydberg atom arrays
• Glassy dynamics due to a trajectory phase transition in dissipative Rydberg gases
• Emergent kinetic constraints in open quantum systems
• Coherence of the Borromean three-body Förster resonances in Rydberg atoms
• Topological transitions in quantum jump dynamics: Hidden exceptional points
• Quantum non-equilibrium dynamics of Rydberg gases in the presence of dephasing noise of different strengths
• Avalanche terahertz photon detection in a Rydberg tweezer array
• Anomalous excitation facilitation in inhomogeneously broadened Rydberg gases
• Atomic loss and gain as a resource for non-equilibrium phase transitions in optical lattices
• Coherent spin-phonon scattering in facilitated Rydberg lattices
• Background Field Functional Renormalization Group for Absorbing State Phase Transitions
• Predicting acoustic relaxation absorption in gas mixtures for extraction of composition relaxation contributions
• Non-equilibrium physics of Rydberg lattices in the presence of noise and dissipative processes
• Non-equilibrium fluctuations and metastability arising from non-additive interactions in dissipative multi-component Rydberg gases