Non-equilibrium universality in the dynamics of dissipative cold atomic gases

Abstract

The theory of continuous phase transitions predicts the universal collective properties of a physical system near a critical point, which for instance manifest in characteristic power-law behaviours of physical observables. The well-established concept at or near equilibrium, universality, can also characterize the physics of systems out of equilibrium. The most fundamental instance of a genuine non-equilibrium phase transition is the directed percolation universality class, where a system switches from an absorbing inactive to a fluctuating active phase. Despite being known for several decades it has been challenging to find experimental systems that manifest this transition. Here we show theoretically that signatures of the directed percolation universality class can be observed in an atomic system with long range interactions. Moreover, we demonstrate that even mesoscopic ensembles --- which are currently studied experimentally --- are sufficient to observe traces of this non-equilibrium phase transition in one, two and three dimensions.

15 pages, 5 figures

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• Experimental signatures of an absorbing-state phase transition in an open driven many-body quantum system
• Universality in driven open quantum matter
• Non-equilibrium effective field theory for absorbing state phase transitions in driven open quantum spin systems
• Phenomenology of a First Order Dark State Phase Transition
• From classical to quantum non-equilibrium dynamics of Rydberg excitations in optical lattices
• Absorbing phase transition with a continuously varying exponent in a quantum contact process: a neural network approach
• Dipole-dipole interaction driven antiblockade of two Rydberg atoms
• Epidemic dynamics in open quantum spin systems
• Evolution of two-time correlations in dissipative quantum spin systems: aging and hierarchical dynamics
• Nonequilibrium phase transition in an open quantum spin system with long-range interaction
• Emergent kinetic constraints in open quantum systems
• Evidence of a critical phase transition in a purely temporal dynamics with long-delayed feedback
• Hydrodynamic stabilization of self-organized criticality in a driven Rydberg gas
• Classical critical dynamics in quadratically driven Kerr resonators
• Interplay of interaction and disorder in the steady state of an open quantum system
• Structural Phase Transitions of Optical Patterns in Atomic Gases with Microwave Controlled Rydberg Interactions
• Quantum non-equilibrium dynamics of Rydberg gases in the presence of dephasing noise of different strengths
• Universal equilibration dynamics of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model
• Atomic loss and gain as a resource for non-equilibrium phase transitions in optical lattices
• Background Field Functional Renormalization Group for Absorbing State Phase Transitions
• Principal component analysis of absorbing state phase transitions
• Controlling excitation avalanches in driven Rydberg gases
• Quench dynamics of a dissipative Rydberg gas in the classical and quantum regime
• Non-equilibrium fluctuations and metastability arising from non-additive interactions in dissipative multi-component Rydberg gases
• Oscillation and decay of particle current due to a quench and dephasing in an interacting fermionic system
• Dynamics of antiferromagnetic Dimers in Rydberg Atom Chains
• Dynamical Tipping in a Quantum Limit Cycle