Experimental realization of directed percolation criticality in turbulent liquid crystals

Abstract

This is a comprehensive report on the phase transition between two turbulent states of electroconvection in nematic liquid crystals, which was recently found by the authors to be in the directed percolation (DP) universality class [K. A. Takeuchi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 234503 (2007)]. We further investigate both static and dynamic critical behavior of this phase transition, measuring a total of 12 critical exponents, 5 scaling functions, and 8 scaling relations, all in full agreement with those characterizing the DP class in 2+1 dimensions. Developing an experimental technique to create a seed of topological-defect turbulence by pulse laser, we confirm in particular the rapidity symmetry, which is a basic but nontrivial consequence of the field-theoretic approach to DP. This provides the first clear experimental realization of this outstanding, truly out-of-equilibrium universality class, dominating most phase transitions into an absorbing state.

13 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables

References in corpus (10)

• Directed percolation criticality in turbulent liquid crystals
• Infinite-randomness critical point in the two-dimensional disordered contact process
• Critical behavior and Griffiths effects in the disordered contact process
• Reversible to Irreversible Flow Transition in Periodically Driven Vortices
• Weakly disordered absorbing-state phase transitions
• Local Persistence in the Directed Percolation Universality Class
• Ageing, dynamical scaling and its extensions in many-particle systems without detailed balance
• Local persistence in directed percolation
• The contact process in heterogeneous and weakly-disordered systems
• Scaling of hysteresis loops at phase transitions into a quasiabsorbing state

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