Induced superconductivity in high mobility two dimensional electron gas in GaAs heterostructures

Abstract

Introduction of a Josephson field effect transistor (JoFET) concept sparked active research on proximity effects in semiconductors. Induced superconductivity and electrostatic control of critical current has been demonstrated in two-dimensional gases in InAs, graphene and topological insulators, and in one-dimensional systems including quantum spin Hall edges. Recently, interest in superconductor-semiconductor interfaces was renewed by the search for Majorana fermions, which were predicted to reside at the interface. More exotic non-Abelian excitations, such as parafermions (fractional Majorana fermions) or Fibonacci fermions may be formed when fractional quantum Hall edge states interface with superconductivity. In this paper we develop transparent superconducting contacts to high mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in GaAs and demonstrate induced superconductivity across several microns. Supercurrent in a ballistic junction has been observed across 0.6 $\mu$m of 2DEG, a regime previously achieved only in point contacts but essential to the formation of well separated non-Abelian states. High critical fields ($>16$ Tesla) in NbN contacts enables investigation of a long-sought regime of an interplay between superconductivity and strongly correlated states in a 2DEG at high magnetic fields.

11 pages, 7 figures

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• Majorana Fermions and a Topological Phase Transition in Semiconductor-Superconductor Heterostructures
• Bipolar supercurrent in graphene
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• Exotic non-Abelian anyons from conventional fractional quantum Hall states
• Quantum supercurrent transistors in carbon nanotubes
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• Andreev reflection and cyclotron motion at superconductor -- normal-metal interfaces

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• Germanium quantum well Josephson field effect transistors and interferometers
• Proximity coupling in superconductor-graphene heterostructures
• Superconducting proximity effect in epitaxial Al-InAs heterostructures
• Ballistic superconductivity and tunable $\pi$-junctions in InSb quantum wells
• Interference of chiral Andreev edge states
• Andreev reflection in the fractional quantum Hall state
• Floquet Second-Order Topological Superconductor Driven via Ferromagnetic Resonance
• Tuning Topological Superconductivity in Phase-Controlled Josephson Junctions with Rashba and Dresselhaus Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Full control of quantum Hall supercurrent in a side gated graphene Josephson junction
• Induced superconducting pairing in integer quantum Hall edge states
• Floquet Majorana zero and $\pi$ modes in planar Josephson junctions
• Phase Asymmetry of Andreev Spectra From Cooper-Pair Momentum
• Evidence for chiral supercurrent in quantum Hall Josephson junctions
• Ballistic supercurrent discretization and micrometer-long Josephson coupling in germanium
• Quantum Hall Effect in a Josephson Junction
• Magnetoanisotropic Josephson effect due to interfacial spin-orbit fields in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor junctions
• Long-range Kitaev Chains via Planar Josephson Junctions
• Proximity Effect Transfer from NbTi into a Semiconductor Heterostructure via Epitaxial Aluminum
• Supercurrent-enabled Andreev reflection in a chiral quantum Hall edge state
• Parafermion supporting platform based on spin transitions in the fractional quantum Hall effect regime
• Vortex-enabled Andreev processes in quantum Hall-superconductor hybrids
• Loss and decoherence at the quantum Hall - superconductor interface
• Hidden Weyl Fermions in Paramagnetic Electride Y${}_2$C
• Superconducting contacts to a monolayer semiconductor
• Optimized micromagnet geometries for Majorana zero modes in low g-factor materials
• Chiral supercurrent through a quantum Hall weak link
• Transport in helical Luttinger liquids in the fractional quantum Hall regime
• The improved inverted AlGaAs/GaAs interface: its relevance for high-mobility quantum wells and hybrid systems
• Crystalline Anisotropic Topological Superconductivity in Planar Josephson Junctions
• Gapped triplet $p$-wave superconductivity in strong spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor quantum wells in proximity to $s$-wave superconductor
• Nonequilibrium Josephson diode effect in periodically driven SNS junctions
• Two-terminal transport along a proximity induced superconducting quantum Hall edge
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ parafermionic zero modes without Andreev backscattering from the $2/3$ fractional quantum Hall state
• Equal-Spin Andreev Reflection in Junctions of Spin-Resolved Quantum Hall Bulk State and Spin-Singlet Superconductor
• Transient Hot Electron Dynamics in Single-Layer TaS${}_2$
• Majorana bound state engineering via efficient real-space parameter optimization
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• Quantized critical supercurrent in SrTiO${}_3$-based quantum point contacts
• Majorana fermions on the quantum Hall edge
• Andreev reflection at the interface with an oxide in the quantum Hall regime
• Mobility exceeding 100,000 cm${}^2$/Vs in modulation-doped shallow InAs quantum wells coupled to epitaxial aluminum
• Quantum well structure of a double perovskite superlattice and formation of a spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas
• A novel superconducting-velocity--tunable quasiparticle state and spin relaxation in GaAs (100) quantum wells in proximity to $s$-wave superconductor
• Anodic Oxidation of Epitaxial Superconductor-Semiconductor Hybrids
• Signatures of triplet superconductivity in nu=2-chiral Andreev states
• Nonequilibrium edge transport in quantum Hall based Josephson junctions
• Anomalous periodicity and parafermion hybridization in superconducting qubits
• Quantum Hall Bogoliubov Interferometer
• Thermoelectric processes of quantum normal-superconductor interfaces
• Majorana zero modes by engineering topological kink states in two dimensional electron gas
• Chiral Quasiparticle Tunneling Between Quantum Hall Edges in Proximity with a Superconductor
• Nonadiabatic charge pumping across two superconductors connected through a normal metal region by periodically driven potentials
• Finite field transport response of a dilute magnetic topological insulator based Josephson junction
• Anomalous Hall effect in semiconductor quantum wells in proximity to chiral p-wave superconductors
• Energy distribution controlled ballistic Josephson junction
• Non-local transport measurements in hybrid quantum Hall - superconducting devices
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• Topological Josephson Junctions in the Integer Quantum Hall Regime
• Quantum Enhanced Josephson Junction Field-Effect Transistors for Logic Applications
• Josephson Field Effect Transistors with InAs on Insulator and High Permittivity Gate Dielectrics
• Andreev Reflection in the Quantum Hall Regime at an Al/InAs Junction on a Cleaved Edge
• Investigation of InAs based devices for topological applications
• Wigner representation of Andreev-reflected charge pulses
• Disordered Quantum Transport in Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator-Superconductor Junctions
• Floquet-Nambu theory of electron quantum optics with superconductors
• On-Demand and Tunable Andreev-Conversion of Single-Electron Charge Pulses
• Interplay between evanescent scattering modes and finite dispersion in superconducting junctions
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• Quantized Transport of $\nu =2/3$ Fractional Quantum Hall Edge with Disordered Superconducting Proximity
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• Orbital-Angular-Momentum Entangled Photon Emission from Circular Currents in Semiconductor-Superconductor Structures
• Revealing Superconducting Chiral Edge Modes via Resistance Distributions
• Imaging chiral Andreev reflection in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling