Keeping a spin qubit alive in natural silicon: Comparing optimal working points and dynamical decoupling

Abstract

There are two distinct techniques of proven effectiveness for extending the coherence lifetime of spin qubits in environments of other spins. One is dynamical decoupling, whereby the qubit is subjected to a carefully timed sequence of control pulses; the other is tuning the qubit towards 'optimal working points' (OWPs), which are sweet-spots for reduced decoherence in magnetic fields. By means of quantum many-body calculations, we investigate the effects of dynamical decoupling pulse sequences far from and near OWPs for a central donor qubit subject to decoherence from a nuclear spin bath. Key to understanding the behavior is to analyse the degree of suppression of the usually dominant contribution from independent pairs of flip-flopping spins within the many-body quantum bath. We find that to simulate recently measured Hahn echo decays at OWPs (lowest-order dynamical decoupling), one must consider clusters of three interacting spins, since independent pairs do not even give finite $T_2$ decay times. We show that while operating near OWPs, dynamical decoupling sequences require hundreds of pulses for a single order of magnitude enhancement of $T_2$, in contrast to regimes far from OWPs, where only about ten pulses are required.

arXiv commentimproved introduction and conclusion; added appendices; 11 pages, 5 figures

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• Quantum many-body theory for electron spin decoherence in nanoscale nuclear spin baths
• Probing the coherence of solid-state qubits at avoided crossings
• Discovery of Atomic Clock-Like Spin Defects in Simple Oxides from First Principles
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• Identifying optimal magnetic field configurations for decoherence mitigation of boron vacancies in hexagonal boron nitride
• PyCCE: A Python Package for Cluster Correlation Expansion Simulations of Spin Qubit Dynamic