Conventional superconductivity at 190 K at high pressures

Abstract

The highest critical temperature of superconductivity Tc has been achieved in cuprates: 133 K at ambient pressure and 164 K at high pressures. As the nature of superconductivity in these materials is still not disclosed, the prospects for a higher Tc are not clear. In contrast the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory gives a clear guide for achieving high Tc: it should be a favorable combination of high frequency phonons, strong coupling between electrons and phonons, and high density of states. These conditions can be fulfilled for metallic hydrogen and covalent hydrogen dominant compounds. Numerous followed calculations supported this idea and predicted Tc=100-235 K for many hydrides but only moderate Tc~17 K has been observed experimentally. Here we found that sulfur hydride transforms at P~90 GPa to metal and superconductor with Tc increasing with pressure to 150 K at ~200 GPa. This is in general agreement with recent calculations of Tc~80 K for H2S. Moreover we found superconductivity with Tc~190 K in a H2S sample pressurized to P>150 GPa at T>220 K. This superconductivity likely associates with the dissociation of H2S, and formation of SHn (n>2) hydrides. We proved occurrence of superconductivity by the drop of the resistivity at least 50 times lower than the copper resistivity, the decrease of Tc with magnetic field, and the strong isotope shift of Tc in D2S which evidences a major role of phonons in the superconductivity. H2S is a substance with a moderate content of hydrogen therefore high Tc can be expected in a wide range of hydrogen-contain materials. Hydrogen atoms seem to be essential to provide the high frequency modes in the phonon spectrum and the strong electron-phonon coupling.

References in corpus (2)

• Ab initio Random Structure Searching
• The metallization and superconductivity of dense hydrogen sulfide

Cited by in corpus (32)

• Conventional superconductivity at 203 K at high pressures
• Evidence for superconductivity above 260 K in lanthanum superhydride at megabar pressures
• Crystal Structure of 200 K-Superconducting Phase of Sulfur Hydride System
• Pressure-driven dome-shaped superconductivity and electronic structural evolution in tungsten ditelluride
• Superconductivity emerging from suppressed large magnetoresistant state in WTe2
• Pressure-induced decomposition of solid hydrogen sulfide
• High Pressure and Road to Room Temperature Superconductivity
• van Hove singularities and spectral smearing in high temperature superconducting H3S
• Possible Superconductivity Approaching Ice Point
• High-temperature superconductivity in hydrides: experimental evidence and details
• Trapped magnetic flux in hydrogen-rich high-temperature superconductors
• Direct Meissner Effect Observation of Superconductivity in Compressed H2S
• Phase Diagram and High-Temperature Superconductivity of Compressed Selenium Hydrides
• Lifshitz transitions, type-II Dirac and Weyl fermions, event horizon and all that
• Stable high-pressure phases in the H-S system determined by chemically reacting hydrogen and sulfur
• Superconductivity of magnesium diboride
• Hole superconductivity in $H_{2}S$ and other sulfides under high pressure
• Hot Hydride Superconductivity above 550 K
• Clear evidence against superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure
• Unstable and elusive superconductors
• Universal Fermi velocity in highly compressed hydride superconductors
• High Temperature Superconductivity: A Simple Model Exploiting Hydrogen Bonds
• Investigation of the effective interactions for the Emery model by the constrained random-phase approximation and constrained functional renormalization group
• Decomposition of solid hydrogen bromide at high pressure
• Phase diagram and superconductivity of polonium hydrides under high pressure
• Electron-Phonon Mediated Superconductivity in 1T MoS2 and Effect of Pressure on the Same
• Normal State of the Metallic Hydrogen Sulfide
• Carbonaceous sulfur hydride system: the strong-coupled room-temperature superconductor with a low value of Ginzburg-Landau parameter
• Pressure and high Tc superconductivity: applications to sulfur hydrides
• Emergence of novel hydrogen chlorides under high pressure
• High-Tc Superconductivity: Strong Indication of Filamentary-Chaotic Conductance and Possible Routes to Superconductivity Above Room Temperature
• Superconductivity in efficient thermoelectric Cu${}_3$Sb${}_{0.98}$Al${}_{0.02}$Se${}_4$