Qubit entanglement on a silicon photonic chip

Abstract

Entanglement--one of the most delicate phenomena in nature--is an essential resource for quantum information applications. Large entangled cluster states have been predicted to enable universal quantum computation, with the required single- qubit measurements readily implemented with photons. Useful large-scale systems must generate and control qubit entanglement on-chip, where quantum information is naturally encoded in photon path. Here we report a silicon photonic chip which integrates resonant-enhanced sources, filters, and reconfigurable optics to generate a path-entangled two-qubit state--the smallest non-trivial cluster state--and analyse its entanglement. We show that ring-resonator-based spontaneous four-wave mixing sources can be made highly indistinguishable, despite their nonlinear dynamics, and the first evidence that their frequency correlations are small, as predicted. We use quantum state tomography, and the strict Bell-CHSH inequality to quantify entanglement in the device, confirming its high performance. This work integrates essential components for building devices and systems to harness quantum entanglement on the large scale.

References in corpus (8)

• Photonic quantum technologies
• Silica-on-Silicon Waveguide Quantum Circuits
• On-Chip Detection of Entangled Photons by Scalable Integration of Single-Photon Detectors
• Ultra-low power generation of twin photons in a compact silicon ring resonator
• A monolithically integrated polarization entangled photon pair source on a silicon chip
• Choice of Measurement Sets in Qubit Tomography
• Time-bin entangled photon pair generation from Si micro-ring resonator
• Direct high-resolution characterization of quantum correlations via classical measurements

Cited by in corpus (83)

• Integrated Photonic Quantum Technologies
• Integrated micro-comb sources for quantum optical applications
• Quantum transport simulations in a programmable nanophotonic processor
• Chip-based photon quantum state sources using nonlinear optics
• Silicon Quantum Photonics
• Chip-to-chip quantum teleportation and multi-photon entanglement in silicon
• A heterogeneous III-V/silicon integration platform for on-chip quantum photonic circuits with single quantum dot devices
• Towards On-Chip Integrated Optical Quantum Frequency Combs
• 422 Million Q Planar Integrated All-Waveguide Resonator with a 3.4 Billion Absorption Limited Q and Sub-MHz Linewidth
• Advances in Space Quantum Communications
• Experimental Quantum Hamiltonian Learning
• Witnessing eigenstates for quantum simulation of Hamiltonian spectra
• Local and Distributed Quantum Computation
• Near-ideal spontaneous photon sources in silicon quantum photonics
• Experimental Bayesian Quantum Phase Estimation on a Silicon Photonic Chip
• Broadband quadrature-squeezed vacuum and nonclassical photon number correlations from a nanophotonic device
• Quantum Photonic Interconnect
• Recent advances on integrated quantum communications
• Silicon Photonic Entangled Photon-Pair and Heralded Single Photon Generation with CAR $>$ 12,000 and $g^{(2)}(0)<$ 0.006
• Quantum Dynamics of Kerr Optical Frequency Combs below and above Threshold: Spontaneous Four-Wave-Mixing, Entanglement and Squeezed States of Light
• A compact and reconfigurable silicon nitride time-bin entanglement circuit
• Truly unentangled photon pairs without spectral filtering
• Path-polarization hyperentangled and cluster states of photons on a chip
• Quantum Indistinguishability by Path Identity: The awakening of a sleeping beauty
• Entanglement-Based Quantum Information Technology
• Ultrafast Long-Distance Quantum Communication with Static Linear Optics
• Quantum interference in heterogeneous superconducting-photonic circuits on a silicon chip
• Advances in silicon quantum photonics
• Photon pair generation from compact silicon microring resonators using microwatt-level pump powers
• High-quality photonic entanglement for wavelength-multiplexed quantum communication based on a silicon chip
• On-chip transverse-mode entangled photon pair source
• Three-dimensional entanglement on a silicon chip
• Scattering into one-dimensional waveguides from a coherently-driven quantum-optical system
• Fundamental building block for all-optical scalable quantum networks
• On-chip quantum interference with heralded photons from two independent micro-ring resonator sources in silicon photonics
• Programmable frequency-bin quantum states in a nano-engineered silicon device
• Quantum Experiments and Graphs II: Quantum Interference, Computation and State Generation
• Ultrafast Fault-Tolerant Long-Distance Quantum Communication with Static Linear Optics
• High-quality photonic entanglement based on a silicon chip
• Totally Destructive Many-Particle Interference
• Universal fault-tolerant measurement-based quantum computation
• Relative multiplexing for minimizing switching in linear-optical quantum computing
• The Path to Increasing the Coincidence Efficiency of Integrated Photon Sources
• Silicon photonic processor of two-qubit entangling quantum logic
• Benchmarking integrated photonic architectures
• Time-bin to Polarization Conversion of Ultrafast Photonic Qubits
• Correlated photon pair generation in low-loss double-stripe silicon nitride waveguides
• On unitary reconstruction of linear optical networks
• All-Optical control of linear and nonlinear energy transfer via Zeno effect
• Generation of path-encoded Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states
• Submegahertz spectral width photon pair source based on fused silica microspheres
• Integrated Photonic Platforms for Quantum Technology: A Review
• Testing multi-photon interference on a silicon chip
• Information processing at the speed of light
• On-chip generation and collectively coherent control of the superposition of the whole family of Dicke states
• Phase resolved joint spectra tomography of a ring resonator photon pair source using a silicon photonic chip
• Continuous-variable entanglement in a two-mode lossy cavity: an exact solution
• Enhancement of the second-harmonic generation based on the cascaded second- and third-order nonlinear processes in a multimode optical microcavity
• The effect of self- and cross-phase modulation on photon-pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing in integrated optical waveguides
• NOON-state interference in the frequency domain
• Stimulated Emission Tomography: Beyond Polarization
• A quantum optical description of losses in ring resonators based on field operator transformations
• Implementing two-photon three-degree-of-freedom hyper-parallel controlled phase flip gate through cavity-assisted interactions
• Quantum States of Higher-order Whispering gallery modes in a Silicon Micro-disk Resonator
• Bloch-Floquet waves in optical ring resonators
• Mitigating indistinguishability issues in photon pair sources by delayed-pump Intermodal Four Wave Mixing
• Experimental demonstration of a measurement-based realisation of a quantum channel
• Permanent mitigation of loss in ultrathin SOI high-Q resonators using UV light
• An Integrated Photon-Pair Source with Monolithic Piezoelectric Frequency Tunability
• Camera detection and modal fingerprinting of photonic crystal nanobeam resonances
• Overcomplete quantum tomography of a path-entangled two-photon state
• Programmable Bell State Generation in an Integrated Thin Film Lithium Niobate Circuit
• Remotely preparing optical Schrödinger cat states via homodyne detection in nondegenerate triple-photon spontaneous downconversion
• Observation of quantum nonlocality in Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement on a silicon chip
• Four-wave mixing in a silicon microring resonator using a self-pumping geometry
• Unveiling Mechanical Motions in Non-linear Optical Organic Micro Ring Resonators
• Quantum channel position finding using single photons
• Physical interpretation of nonlocal quantum correlation through local description of subsystems
• Zero-power calibration of photonic circuits at cryogenic temperatures
• Microscopic characterisation of laser-written phenomena for component-wise testing of photonic integrated circuits
• Nonlinear characterisation of a silicon integrated Bragg waveguide filter
• Photons Squeezing Model in a Nonlinear Micro-ring Resonator
• Energy correlations of photon pairs generated by a silicon microring resonator probed by Stimulated Four Wave Mixing