Astrophysical Bose-Einstein Condensates and Superradiance

Abstract

We investigate gravitational analogue models to describe slowly rotating objects (e.g., dark-matter halos, or boson stars) in terms of Bose-Einstein condensates, trapped in their own gravitational potentials. We begin with a modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation, and show that the resulting background equations of motion are stable, as long as the rotational component is treated as a small perturbation. The dynamics of the fluctuations of the velocity potential are effectively governed by the Klein-Gordon equation of a "Eulerian metric," where we derive the latter by the use of a relativistic Lagrangian extrapolation. Superradiant scattering on such objects is studied. We derive conditions for its occurence and estimate its strength. Our investigations might give an observational handle to phenomenologically constrain Bose-Einstein condensates.

arXiv comment11 pages, 3 figures, version published in PRD

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Dynamical Boson Stars
• Stable giant vortex annuli in microwave-coupled atomic condensates
• Stable vortex in Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter
• Bose-Einstein Condensates with Derivative and Long-Range Interactions as Set-Ups for Analog Black Holes
• Self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates and the Thomas-Fermi approximation