2D Melting: From Liquid-Hexatic Coexistence to Continuous Transitions

Abstract

The phase diagram of two-dimensional continuous particle systems is studied using Event-Chain Monte Carlo. For soft disks with repulsive power-law interactions $\propto r^{-n}$ with $n\gtrsim 6$, the recently established hard-disk melting scenario ($n\to \infty$) holds: a first-order liquid-hexatic and a continuous hexatic-solid transition are identified. Close to $n=6$, the coexisting liquid exhibits very long orientational correlations, and positional correlations in the hexatic are extremely short. For $n\lesssim 6$, the liquid-hexatic transition is continuous, with correlations consistent with the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Yong (KTHNY) scenario. To illustrate the generality of these results, we demonstrate that Yukawa particles likewise may follow either the KTHNY or the hard-disk melting scenario, depending on the Debye-Hückel screening length as well as on the temperature.

5 pages, 5 figures; to appear in PRL

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• Effect of a potential softness on the solid-liquid transition in a two-dimensional core-softened potential system
• Fluids in Extreme Confinement
• Coexistence of hexatic and isotropic phases in two-dimensional Yukawa systems

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