Fluids in Extreme Confinement

Abstract

For extremely confined fluids with two-dimensional density $n$ in slit geometry of accessible width $L$, we prove that in the limit $L\to 0$ the lateral and transversal degrees of freedom decouple, and the latter become ideal-gas-like. For small wall separation the transverse degrees of freedom can be integrated out and renormalize the interaction potential. We identify $n{L}^2$ as hidden smallness parameter of the confinement problem and evaluate the effective two-body potential analytically, which allows calculating the leading correction to the free energy exactly. Explicitly, we map a fluid of hard spheres in extreme confinement onto a 2d-fluid of disks with an effective hard-core diameter and a soft boundary layer. Two-dimensional phase transitions are robust and the transition point experiences a shift $\mathcal{O}(n{L}^2)$.

5 pages; Physical Review Letters

References in corpus (5)

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• Three-Dimensional 3-State Potts Model Revisited With New Techniques
• Glass Transition in Confined Geometry
• Critical behavior of a colloid-polymer mixture confined between walls
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• Classical Liquids in Fractal Dimension
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• Mode-coupling theory of the glass transition for colloidal liquids in slit geometry
• Dynamical density functional theory for the diffusion of injected Brownian particles
• Dynamical properties of densely packed confined hard-sphere fluids
• Exact equilibrium properties of square-well and square-shoulder disks in single-file confinement
• Structural properties of liquids in extreme confinement
• Dynamic properties of quasi-confined colloidal hard-sphere liquids near the glass transition
• Strongly confined fluids: Diverging time scales and slowing down of equilibration
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• Positional ordering of hard adsorbate particles in tubular nanopores
• Kinetic model for a confined quasi-two-dimensional gas of inelastic hard spheres
• Long-wavelength fluctuations and dimensionality crossover in confined liquids
• Relating thermodynamic quantities of convex-hard-body fluids to the body's shape
• Inhomogeneous Diffusion in Confined Colloidal Suspensions