Kepler Eclipsing Binary Stars. IV. Precise Eclipse Times for Close Binaries and Identification of Candidate Three-Body Systems

Abstract

We present a catalog of precise eclipse times and analysis of third body signals among 1279 close binaries in the latest Kepler Eclipsing Binary Catalog. For these short period binaries, Kepler's 30 minute exposure time causes significant smearing of light curves. In addition, common astrophysical phenomena such as chromospheric activity, as well as imperfections in the light curve detrending process, can create systematic artifacts that may produce fictitious signals in the eclipse timings. We present a method to measure precise eclipse times in the presence of distorted light curves, such as in contact and near-contact binaries which exhibit continuously changing light levels in and out of eclipse. 236 systems for which we find a timing variation signal compatible with the presence of a third body are identified. These are modeled for the light time travel effect and the basic properties of the third body are derived. This study complements Orosz et al. (2013; in prep), which focuses on eclipse timing variations of longer period binaries with flat out-of-eclipse regions. Together, these two papers provide comprehensive eclipse timings for all binaries in the Kepler Eclipsing Binary Catalog, as an ongoing resource freely accessible online to the community.

31 pages, 13 figures, accepted to AJ Nov 18, 2013

References in corpus (4)

• The Transiting Circumbinary Planets Kepler-34 and Kepler-35
• Tertiary companions to close spectroscopic binaries
• The Anticorrelated Nature of the Primary and Secondary Eclipse Timing Variations for the Kepler Contact Binaries
• Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Determination of Physical Properties of Eclipsing Binaries. I. The EBAI Project

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