Vortex lattices in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates under rotation: simulating colorful vortex lattices in a color superconductor

Abstract

We study vortex lattices in three-component BECs under rotation, where three kinds of fractional vortices winding one of three components are present. Unlike the cases of two-component BECs where the phases of square and triangular lattices are present depending on the intercomponent coupling constant and the rotation speed, we find triangular ordered "colorful" vortex lattices where three kind of fractional vortices are placed in order without defects, in all parameter region where the inter-component coupling g' is less than the intra-component coupling g. When g > g' on the other hand, we find the phase separation; In a region where one component is present, the other two components must vanish, where we find ghost vortices in these two components whose positions are separated. In the boundary g = g', the accidental U(3) symmetry is present, in which case two vortices in different components are close to each other in some regions.

8 pages, 5 figures

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• Vortices and Other Topological Solitons in Dense Quark Matter
• Confinement and precession of vortex pairs in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Short range inter-vortex interaction and interacting dynamics of half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition of two-component Bose mixtures with inter-component Josephson coupling
• Stability of superfluid vortices in dense quark matter
• Vortex graphs as N-omers and CP(N-1) Skyrmions in N-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Fractional vortex molecules and vortex polygons in a baby Skyrme model
• Skyrmionic vortex lattices in coherently coupled three-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Vortex molecules in Bose-Einstein condensates
• Vortex polygons and their stabilities in Bose-Einstein condensates and field theory
• Number-conserving approaches to $n$-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition with Rabi-coupled bosons
• Fluctuation effects in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with broken $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ and $\mathrm{U}(1)\times \mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetries in the presence of intercomponent density-density interactions
• Fractional and Integer Vortex Dynamics in Strongly Coupled Two-component Bose-Einstein Condensates from AdS/CFT Correspondence
• Stabilizing semilocal strings by polarization
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_n$ modified XY and Goldstone models and vortex confinement transition
• Analytical solutions of the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for the three-species Bose-Einstein condensates