Synthetic Gauge Field with Highly Magnetic Lanthanide Atoms

Abstract

We present a scheme for generating a synthetic magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling via Raman coupling in highly magnetic lanthanide atoms such as dysprosium. Employing these atoms offer several advantages for realizing strongly correlated states and exotic spinor phases. The large spin and narrow optical transitions of these atoms allow the generation of synthetic magnetic fields an order of magnitude larger than those in the alkalis, but with considerable reduction of the heating rate for equal Raman coupling. The effective hamiltonian of these systems differs from that of the alkalis' by an additional nematic coupling term, which leads to a phase transition in the dressed states as detuning varies. For \text{high-spin} condensates, spin-orbit coupling leads to a spatially periodic structure, which is described in Majorana representation by a set of points moving periodically on a unit sphere. We name this a "Majorana spinor helix" in analogy to the persistent spin-1/2 helix observed in electronic systems.

4.5 pages, 3 figures

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• Spin-Injection Spectroscopy of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gas
• A Strongly Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate of Dysprosium
• Bose-Einstein Condensation of Erbium
• Spin-Orbit Coupled Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates
• An Exact SU(2) Symmetry and Persistent Spin Helix in a Spin-Orbit Coupled System
• Emergence of the persistent spin helix in semiconductor quantum wells
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• Quantum tri-criticality and phase transitions in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Quantum degenerate dipolar Fermi gas
• Classifying Novel Phases of Spinor Atoms
• Synthetic partial waves in ultracold atomic collisions
• Spin-orbit-coupled dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
• Sum rules, dipole oscillation and spin polarizability of a spin-orbit coupled quantum gas
• Observation of a superfluid Hall effect
• Symmetry Classification of Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Searching for Non-Abelian Phases in the Bose-Einstein Condensate of Dysprosium

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