Quantum Dynamical Phase Transition in a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Condensate

Abstract

Spin-orbit coupled bosons can exhibit rich equilibrium phases at low temperature and in the presence of particle-particle interactions. In the case with a 1D synthetic spin-orbit interaction, it has been observed that the ground state of a Bose gas can be a normal phase, stripe phase, or magnetized phase in different experimentally controllable parameter regimes. The magnetized states are doubly degenerate and consist of a many-particle two-state system. In this work, we investigate the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics by switching on an external perturbation to induce resonant couplings between the magnetized phases, and predict the novel quantum spin dynamics which cannot be obtained in the single-particle systems. In particular, due to particle-particle interactions, the transition of the Bose condensate from one magnetized phase to the other is forbidden when the strength of external perturbation is less than a critical value, and a full transition can occur only when the perturbation exceeds such critical strength. This phenomenon manifests itself a quantum dynamical phase transition, with the critical point behavior being exactly solvable. From the numerical simulations and exact analytic studies we show that the predicted many-body effects can be well observed with the current experiments.

9 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary material

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• Realization of Two-Dimensional Spin-orbit Coupling for Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Experimental realization of a superfluid stripe phase in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate enabled by momentum-space hopping
• Double-Quantum Spin Vortices in SU(3) Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gases
• Momentum-Space Josephson Effects
• Optical-lattice-assisted magnetic phase transition in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Quantum phases and collective excitations of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical lattice
• Entanglement and dynamical phase transition in a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Ground states of dipolar spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a toroidal trap
• Quantum Spin Dynamics in a Normal Bose Gas with Spin-orbit Coupling