Novel shell-model analysis of the ${}^{136}$Xe double beta decay nuclear matrix elements

Abstract

Neutrinoless double beta decay, if observed, could distinguish whether neutrino is a Dirac or a Majorana particle, and it could be used to determine the absolute scale of the neutrino masses. ${}^{136}$Xe is one of the most promising candidates for observing this rare event. However, until recently there were no positive result for the allowed and less rare two-neutrino double beta decay mode. The small nuclear matrix element associated with the small half-life represents a challenge for nuclear structure models used for its calculation. We report a new shell-model analysis of the two-neutrino double beta decay of ${}^{136}$Xe, which takes into account all relevant nuclear orbitals necessary to fully describe the associated Gamow-Teller strength. We further use the new model to analyze the main contributions to the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life, and show that they are also diminished.

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