Internal shocks at the origin of the flat spectral energy distribution of compact jets

Abstract

An internal shock model is proposed to interpret the radio to infrared (IR) emission of the compact jets observed in the hard spectral state of X-ray binaries. Assuming that the specific bulk Lorentz factor of the jet at its base varies with a flicker noise power spectrum (i.e. P(f)~1/f), I estimate the energy dissipation profile along the jet and the resulting partially self-absorbed synchrotron emission. For this type of velocity fluctuations, and a conical jet geometry, the shock dissipation at large distance from the black hole balances exactly the adiabatic losses. This leads to a flat radio to IR spectral energy distribution similar to that observed in compact jets.

5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (6)

• A variable mid-infrared synchrotron break associated with the compact jet in GX 339-4
• A Magnetohydrodynamic Model for the Formation of Episodic Jets
• The jet-powered optical nebula of Cygnus X-1
• Near-infrared jet emission in the microquasar XTE J1550-564
• A multiwavelength study of Cygnus X-1: the first mid-infrared spectroscopic detection of compact jets
• The structure of the jet in Cyg X-1 inferred from orbital modulation of the radio emission

Cited by in corpus (59)

• Geometrical constraints on the origin of timing signals from black holes
• Disk-jet coupling in the 2017/2018 outburst of the Galactic black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1535-571
• The spectral energy distribution of compact jets powered by internal shocks
• An overview of jets and outflows in stellar mass black holes
• Jet contributions to the broad-band spectrum of Cyg X-1 in the hard state
• Disk-jet coupling in low-luminosity accreting neutron stars
• Radio monitoring of the hard state jets in the 2011 outburst of MAXI J1836-194
• A new radio census of neutron star X-ray binaries
• A connection between plasma conditions near black hole event horizons and outflow properties
• Jet models for black-hole binaries in the hard spectral state
• A jet model for the fast IR variability of the black hole X-ray binary GX 339-4
• Spectral differences between the jets in `radio loud' and `radio quiet' hard state black hole binaries
• Radio-loudness in black hole transients: evidence for an inclination effect
• A Black Hole X-ray Binary at $\sim$100 Hz: Multiwavelength Timing of MAXI J1820+070 with HiPERCAM and NICER
• Multi-Wavelength Variability. Accretion and Ejection at the Fastest Timescales
• Jet Parameters in the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1820+070
• Multiwavelength observations of the black hole X-ray binary A0620-00 in quiescence
• Physics and phenomenology of weakly magnetized, relativistic astrophysical shock waves
• A wildly flickering jet in the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1535-571
• The INTEGRAL view on Black Hole X-ray Binaries
• Characterization of the Infrared/X-ray sub-second variability for the black-hole transient GX 339-4
• Day-timescale variability in the radio light curve of the Tidal Disruption Event AT2022cmc: confirmation of a highly relativistic outflow
• Evolving Morphology of the Large-Scale Relativistic Jets from XTE J1550-564
• Energetic and Broad Band Spectral Distribution of Emission from Astronomical Jets
• Internal shocks driven by accretion flow variability in the compact jet of the black hole binary GX 339-4
• Fast infrared variability from the black-hole candidate MAXI J1535$-$571 and tight constraints on the modelling
• Modelling the compact jet in MAXI J1836-194 with disc-driven shocks
• Potential origin of the state-dependent high-energy tail in the black hole microquasar Cygnus X-1 as seen with INTEGRAL
• A unified accretion-ejection paradigm for black hole X-ray binaries. VI. Radiative efficiency and radio-X-ray correlation during four outbursts from GX339-4
• Sub-mm Jet Properties of the X-Ray Binary Swift J1745$-$26
• Chasing the break: Tracing the full evolution of a black hole X-ray binary jet with multi-wavelength spectral modeling
• The Evolution of Rapid Optical/X-ray Timing Correlations in the Initial Hard State of MAXI J1820+070
• Complete Multiwavelength Evolution of Galactic Black Hole Transients During Outburst Decay II: Compact Jets and X-ray Variability Properties
• The accretion flow geometry of MAXI J1820+070 through broadband noise research with Insight-HXMT
• Correlating spectral and timing properties in the evolving jet of the micro blazar MAXI J1836-194
• Black holes: Timing and spectral properties and evolution
• Breaking degeneracy in jet dynamics: multi-epoch joint modelling of the BL Lac PKS 2155-304
• Bhjet: a public multi-zone, steady state jet + thermal corona spectral model
• On the nature of the soft gamma-ray emission in the hard state of the black hole transient GRS 1716-249
• Comprehensive coverage of particle acceleration and kinetic feedback from the stellar mass black hole V404 Cygni
• The accretion/ejection link in the neutron star X-ray binary 4U 1820-30 I: A boundary layer-jet coupling?
• Peering at the outflow mechanisms in the transitional pulsar PSR J1023+0038: simultaneous VLT, XMM-Newton, and Swift high-time resolution observations
• Dynamical Properties of Internal Shocks Revisited
• The jet-disk symbiosis without maximal jets: 1-D hydrodynamical jets revisited
• Whispering in the dark: Faint X-ray emission from black holes with OB star companions
• ALMA observations of A0620-00: fresh clues on the nature of quiescent black hole X-ray binary jets
• Testing jet geometries and disk-jet coupling in the neutron star LMXB 4U 0614+091 with the internal shocks model
• RMS-Flux Relation and Disc-Jet Connection in Blazars in the Context of the Internal Shocks Model
• Optical variability modeling of newly identified blazar candidates behind Magellanic Clouds
• Thermal solutions of strongly magnetized disks and the hysteresis in X-ray binaries
• A rapid optical and X-ray timing study of the neutron star X-ray binary Swift J1858.6-0814
• Short Timescale Evolution of the Polarized Radio Jet during V404 Cygni's 2015 Outburst
• Spectral components in black hole X-ray binaries
• TeV and optical observations of the Be/pulsar binary 1A0535+262 during the 2020 giant outburst
• Broadband Emission Spectra from the Cygnus X-3 Jet in the Soft Spectral State
• Sub-second variability in black-hole X-ray binary jets
• Tracking optical variability and outflows across the accretion states of the black hole transient MAXI J1820+070
• Internal shocks in microquasar jets with a continuous Lorentz factor modulation
• Shock corrugation to the rescue of the internal shock model in microquasars: The single-scale MHD view