Electromagnetic duality symmetry and helicity conservation for the macroscopic Maxwell's equations (previously "Experimental demonstration of electromagnetic duality symmetry breaking")

Abstract

Modern physics is largely devoted to study conservation laws, such as charge, energy, linear momentum or angular momentum, because they give us information about the symmetries of our universe. Here, we propose to add the relationship between electromagnetic duality and helicity to the toolkit. Generalized electromagnetic duality symmetry, broken in the microscopic Maxwell's equations by the empirical absence of magnetic charges, can be restored for the macroscopic Maxwell's equations. The restoration of this symmetry is shown to be independent of the geometry of the problem. These results provide a simple and powerful tool for the study of light-matter interactions within the framework of symmetries and conservation laws. We apply such framework to the experimental investigation of helicity transformations in cylindrical nanoapertures, and we find that the transformation is significantly enhanced by the coupling to surface modes, where electromagnetic duality is strongly broken.

26 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect
• Angle-Suppressed Scattering and Optical Forces on Submicron Dielectric Particles
• Helicity and Angular Momentum. A Symmetry based framework for the study of Light-Matter Interactions
• Spin-to-Orbital Angular Momentum Conversion and Spin-Polarization Filtering in Electron Beams
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Cited by in corpus (83)

• Transverse and longitudinal angular momenta of light
• Quantum spin Hall effect of light
• Dual electromagnetism: Helicity, spin, momentum, and angular momentum
• Transverse spin and momentum in two-wave interference
• Magnetoelectric Effects in Local Light-Matter Interactions
• Spin and orbital angular momenta of acoustic beams
• Topological non-Hermitian origin of surface Maxwell waves
• Optical momentum and angular momentum in complex media: From the Abraham-Minkowski debate to unusual properties of surface plasmon-polaritons
• Objects of maximum electromagnetic chirality
• The Optical Chirality Flux as a Useful Far-Field Probe of Chiral Near Fields
• Three dimensional photonic Dirac points in metamaterials
• Helicity-preserving optical cavity modes for enhanced sensing of chiral molecules
• Electromagnetic helicity in complex media
• Angular momentum-induced circular dichroism in non-chiral nanostructures
• Achiral, Helicity Preserving, and Resonant Structures for Enhanced Sensing of Chiral Molecules
• Angular momenta, helicity, and other properties of dielectric-fiber and metallic-wire modes
• Observation of Three-dimensional Photonic Dirac points and Spin-polarized Surface Arcs
• The optical theorem for the conservation of the electromagnetic helicity: Its significance for molecular transfer and enantiomeric discrimination by dichroism
• Spacetime algebra as a powerful tool for electromagnetism
• Kerker Conditions Upon Lossless, Absorption, and Optical Gain Regimes
• Exact dipolar moments of a localized electric current distribution
• Plane-wave scattering by self-complementary metasurfaces in terms of electromagnetic duality and Babinet's principle
• Duality constrained meta atoms for transformation optics
• Forward and backward helicity scattering coefficients for systems with discrete rotational symmetry
• Beaming of helical light from plasmonic vortices via adiabatically tapered nanotip
• Acoustic versus electromagnetic field theory: scalar, vector, spinor representations and the emergence of acoustic spin
• Optical helicity of interfering waves
• Orbital-to-Spin Angular Momentum Conversion Employing Local Helicity
• Fundamental Limits of Optical Force and Torque
• Isotropically polarized speckle patterns
• Kelvin's Chirality of Optical Beams
• Scattering asymmetry and second Kerker condition
• Dual and chiral objects for optical activity in general scattering directions
• Tailoring multipolar Mie scattering with helicity and angular momentum
• On enhanced sensing of chiral molecules in optical cavities
• Enhanced spin-orbit optical mirages from dual nanospheres
• Unified theory to describe and engineer conservation laws in light-matter interactions
• Necessary symmetry conditions for the rotation of light
• Unveiling dipolar spectral regimes of large dielectric Mie spheres from helicity conservation
• Quantum control of photonic entanglement with a single sub-wavelength structure
• Time-Harmonic Optical Chirality in Inhomogeneous Space
• On the transformations generated by the electromagnetic spin and orbital angular momentum operators
• Vectorial vortex generation and phase singularities upon Brewster reflection
• Far-field measurements of vortex beams interacting with nanoholes
• Momentum, angular momentum, and spin of waves in an isotropic collisionless plasma
• Experimental demonstration of spectrally-broadband Huygens sources using low-index spheres
• Duality and helicity: the photon wave function approach
• Spin/momentum properties of the paraxial optical beams
• Reconfigurable chirality with achiral excitonic materials in the strong-coupling regime
• The conditions for the preservation of duality symmetry in a linear medium
• Momentum-space geometric structure of helical evanescent waves and its implications on near-field directionality
• Self-Assembly of Isostatic Self-Dual Colloidal Crystals
• Optical Chirality of Time-Harmonic Wavefields for Classification of Scatterers
• Broadband suppression of backscattering at optical frequencies using low permittivity dielectric spheres
• On the conservation of helicity in a chiral medium
• Mimicking Chiral Light-Matter Interaction
• Total helicity of electromagnetic fields and matter
• Insights into broadband backscattering suppression in solar cells from the helicity preservation point of view
• A dual-Lagrangian description adapted to quantum optics in dispersive and dissipative dielectric media
• Towards maximally electromagnetically chiral scatterers at optical frequencies
• Role of the absorption on the spin-orbit interactions of light with Si nano-particles
• Scattering invariance for arbitrary polarizations protected by joint spatial-duality symmetries
• Characterizing the Backscattered Spectrum of Mie Spheres
• Radiation forces and torques in optics and acoustics
• Duality and helicity: a symplectic viewpoint
• Directional coupling of emitters into waveguides: A symmetry perspective
• Scattering and absorption invariance of nonmagnetic particles under duality transformations
• Light structuring via nonlinear total angular momentum addition with flat optics
• Optical helicity and Hertz vectors
• On the Majorana representation of the optical Dirac equation
• A conformally invariant derivation of average electromagnetic helicity
• Generalized causality constraint based on duality symmetry reveals untapped potential of sound absorption
• Arbitrary Polarization-Independent Backscattering or Reflection by Rotationally-Symmetric Reciprocal Structures
• Optical forces, helicity, angular momentum and how they are all intertwined
• Lorentz-boosted evanescent waves
• Electromagnetic Duality Symmetry-Protected Dirac-Like Cones
• Spacetime geometry of acoustics and electromagnetism
• Electromagnetic Duality Protected Scattering Properties of Nonmagnetic Particles
• Circular Dichroism without absorption in isolated chiral dielectric Mie particles
• Quantised helicity in optical media
• Singular value decomposition to describe bound states in the continuum in periodic metasurfaces
• Electric-magnetic duality as a quantum operator and more symmetries of $U(1)$ gauge theory
• On the origin of the Kerker phenomena