Direct observation of the proliferation of ferroelectric loop domains and vortex-antivortex pairs

Abstract

We discovered "stripe" patterns of trimerization-ferroelectric domains in hexagonal REMnO3 (RE=Ho, ---, Lu) crystals (grown below ferroelectric transition temperatures (Tc), reaching up to 1435 oC), in contrast with the vortex patterns in YMnO3. These stripe patterns roughen with the appearance of numerous loop domains through thermal annealing just below Tc, but the stripe domain patterns turn to vortex-antivortex domain patterns through a freezing process when crystals cross Tc even though the phase transition appears not to be Kosterlitz-Thouless-type. The experimental systematics are compared with the results of our six-state clock model simulation and also the Kibble-Zurek Mechanism for trapped topological defects.

References in corpus (3)

• The High Temperature Phase Transitions of Hexagonal YMnO3
• Fractional vortices and composite domain walls in flat nanomagnets
• From stripe to checkerboard order on the square lattice in the presence of quenched disorder

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