Diversity enabling equilibration: disorder and the ground state in artificial spin ice

Abstract

We report a novel approach to the question of whether and how the ground state can be achieved in square artificial spin ices where frustration is incomplete. We identify two types of disorder: quenched disorder in the island response to fields and disorder in the sequence of driving fields. Numerical simulations show that quenched disorder can lead to final states with lower energy, and disorder in the driving fields always lowers the final energy attained by the system. We use a network picture to understand these two effects: disorder in island responses creates new dynamical pathways, and disorder in driving fields allows more pathways to be followed.

5 pages, 5 figures

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• Proposal to recover an extensive ground state degeneracy in a two-dimensional square array of nanomagnets
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• Artificial Spin Ice: A Tutorial on Design and Control of Geometry, Microstate, Magnon Dynamics & Neuromorphic Computing
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• Topology by Design in Magnetic nano-Materials: Artificial Spin Ice
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• Scaling of nonlinear susceptibilities in artificial permalloy honeycomb lattice
• The design, verification, and applications of Hotspice: a Monte Carlo simulator for artificial spin ice