Quantum phase transition to unconventional multi-orbital superfluidity in optical lattices

Abstract

Orbital physics plays a significant role for a vast number of important phenomena in complex condensed matter systems such as high-T${}_c$ superconductivity and unconventional magnetism. In contrast, phenomena in superfluids -- especially in ultracold quantum gases -- are commonly well described by the lowest orbital and a real order parameter. Here, we report on the observation of a novel multi-orbital superfluid phase with a {\it complex} order parameter in binary spin mixtures. In this unconventional superfluid, the local phase angle of the complex order parameter is continuously twisted between neighboring lattice sites. The nature of this twisted superfluid quantum phase is an interaction-induced admixture of the p-orbital favored by the graphene-like band structure of the hexagonal optical lattice used in the experiment. We observe a second-order quantum phase transition between the normal superfluid (NSF) and the twisted superfluid phase (TSF) which is accompanied by a symmetry breaking in momentum space. The experimental results are consistent with calculated phase diagrams and reveal fundamentally new aspects of orbital superfluidity in quantum gas mixtures. Our studies might bridge the gap between conventional superfluidity and complex phenomena of orbital physics.

5 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (14)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Quantum simulation of frustrated magnetism in triangular optical lattices
• Orbital superfluidity in the $P$-band of a bipartite optical square lattice
• Multi-Component Quantum Gases in Spin-Dependent Hexagonal Lattices
• Simulation and detection of Dirac fermions with cold atoms in an optical lattice
• The $p_{x,y}$-orbital counterpart of graphene: cold atoms in the honeycomb optical lattice
• State preparation and dynamics of ultracold atoms in higher lattice orbitals
• Role of interactions in 87Rb-40K Bose-Fermi mixtures in a 3d optical lattice
• Ultracold Fermions in a Graphene-Type Optical Lattice
• Prediction of quantum stripe ordering in optical lattices
• Self-Trapping of Bosons and Fermions in Optical Lattices
• Loss of superfluidity by fermions in the boson Hubbard model on an optical lattice
• Condensates induced by interband coupling in a double-well lattice

Cited by in corpus (129)

• Creating, moving and merging Dirac points with a Fermi gas in a tunable honeycomb lattice
• Quantum simulation of frustrated magnetism in triangular optical lattices
• Ultracold Atoms in a Tunable Optical Kagome Lattice
• Artificial graphene as a tunable Dirac material
• Non-standard Hubbard models in optical lattices: a review
• Coherent driving and freezing of bosonic matter wave in an optical Lieb lattice
• Topological quantum matter with cold atoms
• Topological semimetal in a fermionic optical lattice
• Topological orbital ladders
• The Multi-Layer Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree Method for Bosons: Theory, Implementation and Applications
• Physics of higher orbital bands in optical lattices: a review
• XYZ quantum Heisenberg models with p-orbital bosons
• Photonic quadrupole topological insulator using orbital-induced synthetic flux
• Effective field theory, three-loop perturbative expansion, and their experimental implications in graphene many-body effects
• $\eta$-pairing superfluid in periodically-driven fermionic Hubbard model with strong attraction
• Ab initio derivation of Hubbard models for cold atoms in optical lattices
• Toolbox for Abelian lattice gauge theories with synthetic matter
• Shortcut loading atoms into an optical lattice
• Heating dynamics of bosonic atoms in a noisy optical lattice
• Evidence of Potts-Nematic Superfluidity in a Hexagonal $s{p}^2$ Optical Lattice
• Merging and alignment of Dirac points in a shaken honeycomb optical lattice
• Time reversal symmetry breaking of $p$-orbital bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice
• Demixing Effects in Mixtures of Two Bosonic Species
• Tight binding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical lattices
• Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity as a Spontaneous Intertwined Order
• $p$-wave chiral superfluidity from an $s$-wave interacting atomic Fermi gas
• Superfluid-Insulator transition of two-species bosons with spin-orbit coupling
• Quantum phases in tunable state-dependent hexagonal optical lattices
• First-order phase transition and anomalous hysteresis of Bose gases in optical lattices
• Intrinsic Photoconductivity of Ultracold Fermions in Optical Lattices
• Topological flat bands in time-periodically driven uniaxial strained graphene nanoribbons
• Phase separation can be stronger than chaos
• The mixing-demixing phase diagram of ultracold heteronuclear mixtures in a ring trimer
• Completely positive approximate solutions of driven open quantum systems
• Phonon-mediated repulsion, sharp transitions and (quasi)self-trapping in the extended Peierls-Hubbard model
• Evaporative cooling of reactive polar molecules confined in a two-dimensional geometry
• Topological proximity effects in a Haldane-graphene bilayer system
• Twisted complex superfluids in optical lattices
• A Hubbard model for ultracold bosonic atoms interacting via zero-point-energy induced three-body interactions
• Bath-induced band decay of a Hubbard lattice gas
• Breaking inversion symmetry in a state-dependent honeycomb lattice: Artificial graphene with tunable band gap
• Magnetoelectrically-Tunable Andreev-Bound-State Spectra and Spin Polarization in P-Wave Josephson Junctions
• Tunneling-Induced Restoration of the Degeneracy and the Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Optical Lattices
• Formation and detection of a chiral orbital Bose liquid in an optical lattice
• Geometry-dependent skin effect and anisotropic Bloch oscillations in a non-Hermitian optical lattice
• Fermi-Bose mixture in mixed dimensions
• Chiral spin superfluidity and spontaneous spin Hall effect of interacting bosons
• Multi-orbital bosons in bipartite optical lattices
• Topological Kondo insulators in one dimension: Continuous Haldane-type ground-state evolution from the strongly-interacting to the non-interacting limit
• The phase-separation mechanism of a binary mixture in a ring trimer
• Magnetic end-states in a strongly-interacting one-dimensional topological Kondo insulator
• Floquet FFLO superfluids and Majorana fermions in a shaken fermionic optical lattice
• Self-consistent tight-binding description of Dirac points moving and merging in two dimensional optical lattices
• Haldane phase in one-dimensional topological Kondo insulators
• Loop Structure Stability of a Double-Well-Lattice BEC
• Twisted superfluid phase in the extended one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model
• Atom-Orbital Qubits under Holonomic Quantum Control
• Optical control of competing exchange interactions and coherent spin-charge coupling in two-orbital Mott insulators
• Phase diagram and multicritical behaviors of mixtures of 3D bosonic gases
• Post-quench gap dynamics of two-band superconductors
• Intrinsic Anomalous Hall Effect in a Bosonic Chiral Superfluid
• Effective p-wave interaction and topological superfluids in s-wave quantum gases
• Generalized Effective Potential Landau Theory for Bosonic Quadratic Superlattices
• Spin-orbital exchange of strongly interacting fermions on the $p$-band of a two-dimensional optical lattice
• Finite Temperature Phase Transition in a Cross-Dimensional Triangular Lattice
• Generating an effective magnetic lattice for cold atoms
• Berry Curvature of interacting bosons in a honeycomb lattice
• Renormalization group analysis of $p$-orbital Bose-Einstein condensates in a square optical lattice
• Experimental realization of a high precision tunable hexagonal optical lattice
• Generating and detecting topological phases with higher Chern number
• Condensate Phase Microscopy
• Superfluidity of Dirac Fermions in a Tunable Honeycomb Lattice: Cooper Pairing, Collective Modes, and Critical Currents
• Bosonic edge states in gapped honeycomb lattices
• Stability of $p$-orbital Bose-Einstein condensates in optical checkerboard and square lattices
• Stripe, checkerboard, and liquid-crystal ordering from anisotropic p-orbital Fermi surfaces in optical lattices
• Beyond mean-field study of a binary bosonic mixture in a state-dependent honeycomb lattice
• Dimerized Mott insulators in hexagonal optical lattices
• Spatial Phase Separation of a Binary Mixture in a Ring Trimer
• Evidence for Quantum Stripe Ordering in a Triangular Optical Lattice
• Quantum computation toolbox for decoherence-free qubits using multi-band alkali atoms
• Orbital hybridized topological Fulde-Ferrel superfluidity in a noncentrosymmetric optical lattice
• Unruh Effect and Takagi's Statistics Inversion in Strained Graphene
• A mono-atomic orbital-based 1D topological crystalline insulator
• Absence of the Twisted Superfluid State in a mean field model of bosons on a Honeycomb Lattice
• Tunneling spectroscopy of the superconducting state of URu2Si2
• Topological transitions of gapless paired states in mixed-geometry lattices
• Intertwined Space-Time Symmetry, Orbital Magnetism and Dynamical Berry Curvature in a Circularly Shaken Optical Lattice
• Nonlinear Bloch-Zener oscillations for Bose-Einstein condensates in a Lieb optical lattice
• One-dimensional s-p superlattice
• Ab initio analysis of the topological phase diagram of the Haldane model
• Quadrature interferometry for nonequilibrium ultracold bosons in optical lattices
• On the robustness of strongly correlated multi-photon states in frustrated driven-dissipative cavity lattices
• Interaction-Driven Topological Switch in a $P$-Band Honeycomb Lattice
• Symmetry-broken momentum distributions induced by matter-wave diffraction during time-of-flight expansion of ultracold atoms
• Orbital order in a bosonic $p$-band triangular lattice
• Effective orbital ordering in multiwell optical lattices with fermionic atoms
• Intrinsic anomalous Hall effect across the magnetic phase transition of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
• Controlling higher-orbital quantum phases of ultracold atoms via coupling to optical cavities
• Orbital phases of fermions in an asymmetric optical ladder
• Pairing properties of cold fermions in the honeycomb lattice
• Signatures of spatial inversion asymmetry of an optical lattice observed in matter-wave diffraction
• Staggered quantum phases of dipolar bosons at finite temperatures
• Quantum simulation of macro and micro quantum phase transition from paramagnetism to frustrated magnetism with a superconducting circuit
• Influence of electron-phonon coupling on low temperature phases of metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes
• Quantum Phase diagram and time-of-flight absorption pictures of ultracold Bose system in a square optical superlattice
• State engineering of Bose-Einstein condensate in the optical lattice by a periodic sublattice of dissipative sites
• Quantum Simulation of Quantum Phase Transitions Using the Convex Geometry of Reduced Density Matrices
• Lattice models with long-range and number-non-conserving interactions with Zeeman excitations of ultracold magnetic atoms
• Topological orbital superfluid with chiral d-wave order in a rotating optical lattice
• Topological phases of spinless $p$-orbital fermions in zigzag optical lattices
• Competing order in two-band Bose-Hubbard chains with extended-range interactions
• Generalized effective-potential Landau theory for the two-dimensional extended Bose-Hubbard model
• Study of unconventional superfluid phases and the phase dynamics in spin-orbit coupled bose system
• Twisted superfluid and supersolid phases of triplons in bilayer honeycomb magnets
• Third-order Orbital Corner State and its Realization in Acoustic Crystals
• Simulating the Palmer-Chalker state in an orbital superfluid
• Weak three-dimensional mediators of two-dimensional triplet pairing
• Bose-Einstein condensation in a frustrated triangular optical lattice
• Exotic Superfluid with Emergent flux in a one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixture
• Half-integer Mott-insulator phases in the imbalanced honeycomb lattice
• Generalized effective-potential Landau theory for a tunable state-dependent hexagonal optical lattice
• A toolbox for elementary fermions with a dipolar Fermi gas in a 3D optical lattice
• Miscibility-Immiscibility transition of strongly interacting bosonic mixtures in optical lattices
• Spin-orbit coupling driven superfluid states in optical lattices at zero and finite temperatures
• Isospin Correlations in two-partite Hexagonal Optical Lattices
• Hidden chiral symmetry protected $\mathbb{Z}\oplus \mathbb{Z}$ topological insulators in a ladder dimer model
• Emergence of triplet orbital pairing and non-Abelian states in ultracold multi-orbital optical lattices with quadratic band touching
• Exotic Topological Phenomena in Chiral Superconducting States on Doped Quantum Spin Hall Insulators with Honeycomb Lattices
• Critical behavior of a chiral superfluid in a bipartite square lattice