Large Quantum Superpositions and Interference of Massive Nanometer-Sized Objects

Abstract

We propose a method to prepare and verify spatial quantum superpositions of a nanometer-sized object separated by distances of the order of its size. This method provides unprecedented bounds for objective collapse models of the wave function by merging techniques and insights from cavity quantum optomechanics and matter wave interferometry. An analysis and simulation of the experiment is performed taking into account standard sources of decoherence. We provide an operational parameter regime using present day and planned technology.

4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in PRL

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Cited by in corpus (292)

• Cavity Optomechanics
• Models of Wave-function Collapse, Underlying Theories, and Experimental Tests
• Motional Quantum Ground State of a Levitated Nanoparticle from Room Temperature
• Probing Planck-scale physics with quantum optics
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• Quantum Decoherence
• Testing the limits of quantum mechanical superpositions
• Levitodynamics: Levitation and control of microscopic objects in vacuum
• Colloquium: Quantum interference of clusters and molecules
• Cavity cooling of an optically levitated nanoparticle
• Cavity cooling a single charged nanoparticle
• Optomechanics with Levitated Particles
• Universal decoherence due to gravitational time dilation
• Quantum Superposition of Massive Objects and Collapse Models
• Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Experimental Concepts of Optomechanics
• Quantum entanglement and teleportation in pulsed cavity-optomechanics
• Strong coupling and long-range collective interactions in optomechanical arrays
• Large quantum superpositions of a levitated nanodiamond through spin-optomechanical coupling
• Torsional optomechanics of a levitated nonspherical nanoparticle
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• Macroscopic quantum states: measures, fragility and implementations
• Macroscopicity of Mechanical Quantum Superposition States
• Macroscopic Quantum Superposition in Cavity Optomechanics
• Gravitational Decoherence
• Condition for macroscopic realism beyond the Leggett-Garg inequalities
• Optical manipulation with metamaterial structures
• Matter Wave Interferometry of a Levitated Thermal Nano-Oscillator Induced and Probed by a Spin
• Cold Damping of an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle to micro-Kelvin Temperatures
• Continuous mode cooling and phonon routers for phononic quantum networks
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• Dynamical Backaction Magnomechanics
• Optomechanics of Levitated Dielectric Particles
• A classical channel model for gravitational decoherence
• Dissipative Optomechanics in a Michelson--Sagnac Interferometer
• Motional Sideband Asymmetry of a Nanoparticle Optically Levitated in Free Space
• Searching for new physics using optically levitated sensors
• Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics in a Classical Spacetime
• Optomechanical sensing of spontaneous wave-function collapse
• Parametric Feedback Cooling of Levitated Optomechanics in a Parabolic Mirror Trap
• Free Nano-Object Ramsey Interferometry for Large Quantum Superpositions
• Controlling the net charge on a nanoparticle optically levitated in vacuum
• Large Quantum Delocalization of a Levitated Nanoparticle using Optimal Control: Applications for Force Sensing and Entangling via Weak Forces
• Review of cavity optomechanical cooling
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• Electron spin control of optically levitated nanodiamonds in vacuum
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• Probing Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions with Nanorotors
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• Theory for Cavity Cooling of Levitated Nanoparticles via Coherent Scattering: Master Equation Approach
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• Macroscopic optomechanics from displaced single-photon entanglement
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• Enhancement of mechanical effects of single photons in modulated two-mode optomechanics
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• Constructing Nano-Object Quantum Superpositions with a Stern-Gerlach Interferometer
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• Quantum Model of Cooling and Force Sensing With an Optically Trapped Nanoparticle
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• Testing the foundations of quantum physics in space Interferometric and non-interferometric tests with Large Particles
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• Experiments testing macroscopic quantum superpositions must be slow
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• Real-Time Kalman Filter: Cooling of an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle
• Fast Quantum Interference of a Nanoparticle via Optical Potential Control
• Quantum experiments with microscale particles
• Quantum Superposition of Two Gravitational Cat States
• Schrödinger-Newton "collapse" of the wave function
• Cavity Optomechanics in a Levitated Helium Drop
• Diamonds levitating in a Paul trap under vacuum: measurements of laser-induced heating via NV center thermometry
• Gas-induced friction and diffusion of rigid rotors
• Understanding nature from experimental observations: a theory independent test for gravitational decoherence
• Optimal limits of cavity optomechanical cooling in the strong coupling regime
• Cryogenic Optomechanics with a Si3N4 Membrane and Classical Laser Noise
• Spatio-Orientational Decoherence of Nanoparticles
• Optomechanics based on angular momentum exchange between light and matter
• Opto-Nanomechanics Strongly Coupled to a Rydberg Superatom: Coherent vs. Incoherent Dynamics
• Selectable linear or quadratic coupling in an optomechanical system
• Cavity Optomechanics of Levitated Nano-Dumbbells: Non-Equilibrium Phases and Self-Assembly
• Entangling levitated nanoparticles by coherent scattering
• Unconditional preparation of nonclassical states via linear-and-quadratic optomechanics
• Optically levitated rotor at its thermal limit of frequency stability
• Catapulting towards massive and large spatial quantum superposition
• Optical Levitation of Nanodiamonds by Doughnut Beams in Vacuum
• Recoil-limited feedback cooling of single nanoparticles near the ground state in an optical lattice
• Mesoscopic Interference for Metric and Curvature (MIMAC) & Gravitational Wave Detection
• Detecting continuous spontaneous localisation with charged bodies in a Paul trap
• Entangling the motion of two optically trapped objects via time-modulated driving fields
• Quantum persistent tennis racket dynamics of nanorotors
• Multimode Optomechanics as a Prototype of Mediated Interactions
• Continuous variable entanglement swapping and its local certification: entangling distant mechanical modes
• Gravitational effects in macroscopic quantum systems: a first-principles analysis
• Entanglement based tomography to probe new macroscopic forces
• Precision Mass and Density Measurement of Individual Optically Levitated Microspheres
• Entangling macroscopic diamonds at room temperature: Bounds on the continuous-spontaneous-localization parameters
• Displacemon electromechanics: how to detect quantum interference in a nanomechanical resonator
• Auxiliary-cavity-assisted ground-state cooling of optically levitated nanosphere in the unresolved-sideband regime
• Collapse Models: a theoretical, experimental and philosophical review
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• Quantum electromechanics with levitated nanoparticles
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• Probing various formulations of macrorealism for unsharp quantum measurements
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• Superconducting microsphere magnetically levitated in an anharmonic potential with integrated magnetic readout
• Optomechanical Entanglement in the Presence of Laser Phase Noise
• Optomechanics assisted with a qubit: From dissipative state preparation to many-body physics
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• Dark states of a moving mirror in the single-photon strong-coupling regime
• Quantum control and Berry phase of electron spins in rotating levitated diamonds in high vacuum
• Optimal Control of Hybrid Optomechanical Systems for Generating Non-Classical States of Mechanical Motion
• Mass-independent scheme for enhancing spatial quantum superpositions
• Relaxation of experimental parameters in a Quantum-Gravity Induced Entanglement of Masses Protocol using electromagnetic screening
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• Photofragmentation beam splitters for matter-wave interferometry
• Decoherence of a matter-wave interferometer due to dipole-dipole interactions
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• Parametric Feedback Cooling of Rigid Body Nanodumbbells in Levitated Optomechanics
• Linear-and-quadratic reservoir engineering of non-Gaussian states
• Phonon Quantum Nondemolition Measurements in Nonlinearly Coupled Optomechanical Cavities
• Hybrid quantum device with a carbon nanotube and a flux qubit for dissipative quantum engineering
• 2D photonic-crystal optomechanical nanoresonator
• Cooling a Mechanical Resonator to Quantum Regime by heating it
• Homodyne coherent quantum noise cancellation in a hybrid optomechanical force sensor
• Coupling a small torsional oscillator to large optical angular momentum
• Magnetometry via spin-mechanical coupling in levitated optomechanics
• Optomechanical Entanglement under Pulse Drive
• A chemical nano-reactor based on a levitated nanoparticle in vacuum
• Stationary Gaussian Entanglement between Levitated Nanoparticles
• Gravity in the Quantum Lab
• Stochastic extensions of the regularized Schrödinger-Newton equation
• Theory of nanoparticle cooling by elliptic coherent scattering
• Crucial tests of macrorealist and semi-classical gravity models with freely falling mesoscopic nanospheres
• Position measurement of a levitated nanoparticle via interference with its mirror image
• Quantum theory of light interaction with a Lorenz-Mie particle: Optical detection and three-dimensional ground-state cooling
• Suppressing Recoil Heating in Levitated Optomechanics using Squeezed Light
• Electrically Driven, Optically Levitated Microscopic Rotors
• Molecular Rotations in Matter-Wave Interferometry
• Prethermalization and nonreciprocal phonon transport in a levitated optomechanical array
• Tolerance in the Ramsey interference of a trapped nanodiamond
• Optimal Cooling of Multiple Levitated Particles through Far-Field Wavefront-Shaping
• Performance and limits of feedback cooling methods for levitated oscillators: a direct comparison
• Ground-State Cooling of Levitated Magnets in Low-Frequency Traps
• Probing Spontaneous Wave-Function Collapse with Entangled Levitating Nanospheres
• Inequivalent Leggett-Garg inequalities
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• Painting Non-Classical States of Spin or Motion with Shaped Single Photons
• Design of tunable GHz-frequency optomechanical crystal resonators
• Gravitational Decoherence, Alternative Quantum Theories and Semiclassical Gravity
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• Variational approach to the time-dependent Schrödinger-Newton equations
• Strong Mechanical Squeezing for a Levitated Particle by Coherent Scattering
• Bright soliton quantum superpositions: signatures of high- and low-fidelity states
• Bringing quantum mechanics to life: from Schrödinger's cat to Schrödinger's microbe
• How cold can you get in space? Quantum Physics at cryogenic temperatures in space
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• Improving photon blockade, entanglement and mechanical-cat-state generation in a generalized cross-Kerr optomechanical circuit
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• Decoherence-Free Rotational Degrees of Freedom for Quantum Applications
• Single and two-mode mechanical squeezing of an optically levitated nanodiamond via dressed-state coherence
• Collapse models: from theoretical foundations to experimental verifications
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• Dynamical response of Bose-Einstein condensates to oscillating gravitational fields
• Interacting classical and quantum particles
• Performance of a radiatively cooled system for quantum optomechanical experiments in space
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• Interaction Between an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle and Its Thermal Image: Internal Thermometry via Displacement Sensing
• Natural classical limit for the center of mass of many-particle quantum systems
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• Testing the quantum superposition principle in the frequency domain
• Classical and quantum-linearized descriptions of degenerate optomechanical parametric oscillators
• Optomechanical coupling between a moving dielectric sphere and radiation fields: a Lagrangian-Hamiltonian formalism
• Quantum Information in Relativity: the Challenge of QFT Measurements
• Observation of Nonlinear Dynamics in an Optical Levitation System
• Dueling Dynamical Backaction in a Cryogenic Optomechanical Cavity
• On the time optimal thermalization of single mode Gaussian states
• Macroscopic superpositions via nested interferometry: finite temperature and decoherence considerations
• Requirements on Quantum Superpositions of Macro-Objects for Sensing Neutrinos
• Coupling librational and translational motion of a levitated nanoparticle in an optical cavity
• Mechanical detection of nuclear decays
• Resonances in dissipative optomechanics with nanoparticles: Sorting, speed rectification and transverse cooling
• Ground-state cooling of dispersively coupled optomechanical system in unresolved sideband regime via dissipatively coupled oscillator
• Landau levels in a gravitational field: The Schwarzschild spacetime case
• Quantum enhanced estimation of diffusion
• Bistability and squeezing of the librational mode of an optically trapped nanoparticle
• Creating atom-nanoparticle quantum superpositions
• Decoherence Effects on Superpositions of Chiral States in a Chiral Molecule
• Wigner Analysis of Particle Dynamics and Decoherence in Wide Nonharmonic Potentials
• Stability and dynamics of optically levitated dielectric disks in a Gaussian standing wave beyond the harmonic approximation
• Deterministic preparation of highly non-classical macroscopic quantum states
• Decoherence rate expression due to air molecule scattering in spatial qubits
• Multistable particle-field dynamics in cavity-generated optical lattices
• Thermal broadening of the power spectra of laser-trapped particles in vacuum
• Coupling rotational and translational motion via a continuous measurement in an optomechanical sphere
• Leggett-Garg tests for macrorealism in the quantum harmonic oscillator and more general bound systems
• Distributing entangled state using quantum repeater protocol: Trapped atomic ions in optomechanical cavities
• An efficient cooling of the quantized vibration by a four-level configuration
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• Enhanced nonlinear interaction effects in a four-mode optomechanical ring
• Robust Macroscopic Matter-Wave Interferometry with Solids
• Ground-State Cooling in Cavity Optomechanics with Unresolved Sidebands
• Feedback-induced Bistability of an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle: A Fokker-Planck Treatment
• Phonon-induced contrast in a matter-wave interferometer
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• Phonon-photon conversion as mechanism for cooling and coherence transfer
• Non-Hermitian physics of levitated nanoparticle array
• Testing spontaneous wavefunction collapse with quantum electromechanics
• An Optomechanical Platform for Quantum Hypothesis Testing for Collapse Models
• Sympathetic Wigner function tomography of a dark trapped ion
• Propagators in the Correlated Worldline Theory of Quantum Gravity
• Imaging the dipole scattering of an optically levitated dielectric nanoparticle
• Optical Levitation of Arrays of Microspheres
• Linear Ultrastrong Optomechanical Interaction
• Decoherence of dielectric particles by thermal emission
• Single-photon transfer using levitated cavityless optomechanics
• Coherent feedback control for cavity optomechanical systems with a frequency-dependent mirror
• Optomechanically induced optical trapping system based on photonic crystal cavities
• Theory of phase-adaptive parametric cooling
• A road map for Feynman's adventures in the land of gravitation
• Perturbative nonlinear feedback forces for optical levitation experiments
• Decoherence: From Interpretation to Experiment
• Back action suppression for levitated dipolar scatterers
• Search for Dark Matter Scattering from Optically Levitated Nanoparticles
• Characterisation of a levitated sub-mg ferromagnetic cube in a planar alternating-current magnetic Paul trap
• Multi-photon absorption in optical gratings for matter waves
• Linear cooling of a levitated micromagnetic cylinder by vibration
• Employing coupled cavities to increase the cooling rate of a levitated nanosphere in the resolved sideband regime
• Collective-motion-enhanced acceleration sensing via an optically levitated microsphere array
• Enhanced optomechanical coupling between an optically levitated particle and an ultrahigh Q optical microcavity
• Foundations of Quantum Gravity : The Role of Principles Grounded in Empirical Reality
• Quantum-induced Stochastic Optomechanical Dynamics
• Coherent Scattering-mediated correlations between levitated nanospheres
• Tomography of an optomechanical oscillator via parametrically amplified position measurement
• Low-energy scattering of ultracold atoms by a dielectric nanosphere
• Locally optimal symplectic control of multimode Gaussian states
• Bilateral photon emission from a vibrating mirror and multiphoton entanglement generation
• Coherent control of levitated nanoparticles via dipole-dipole interaction
• Roto-translational optomechanics
• Large quantum superpositions of a nanoparticle immersed in superfluid helium
• Steady motional entanglement between two distant levitated nanoparticles
• The Instability of a Quantum Superposition of Time Dilations
• Two-mode Phonon Squeezing in Bose-Einstein Condensates for Gravitational Wave Detection
• Matter-wave interferometry using a levitated magnetic nanoparticle
• Nanoparticle acts as a light source to make atom interferometers
• True and apparent motion of optomechanical resonators, with applications to feedback cooling of gravitational wave detector test masses
• Entanglement in Elastic Electron Scattering: Perturbation theory misses fundamental aspects of Bragg scattering
• Quantum states preparation of an atomic ensemble via cavity-assisted homodyne measurement
• Optical levitation of fluorescent silicon carbide nanoparticles in vacuum
• Measuring High-Order Phonon Correlations in an Optomechanical Resonator