Magnetism and domain formation in SU(3)-symmetric multi-species Fermi mixtures

Abstract

We study the phase diagram of an SU(3)-symmetric mixture of three-component ultracold fermions with attractive interactions in an optical lattice, including the additional effect on the mixture of an effective three-body constraint induced by three-body losses. We address the properties of the system in $D\ge 2$ by using dynamical mean-field theory and variational Monte Carlo techniques. The phase diagram of the model shows a strong interplay between magnetism and superfluidity. In the absence of the three-body constraint (no losses), the system undergoes a phase transition from a color superfluid phase to a trionic phase, which shows additional particle density modulations at half-filling. Away from the particle-hole symmetric point the color superfluid phase is always spontaneously magnetized, leading to the formation of different color superfluid domains in systems where the total number of particles of each species is conserved. This can be seen as the SU(3) symmetric realization of a more general tendency to phase-separation in three-component Fermi mixtures. The three-body constraint strongly disfavors the trionic phase, stabilizing a (fully magnetized) color superfluid also at strong coupling. With increasing temperature we observe a transition to a non-magnetized SU(3) Fermi liquid phase.

36 pages, 17 figures; Corrected typos

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• Metal-insulator transition and quantum magnetism in the SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard Model: Disentangling Nesting and the Mott Transition
• Rigorous results on the ground state of the attractive SU($N$) Hubbard model
• Trion and Dimer Formation of Three-Color Fermions
• Spontaneously symmetry breaking states in the attractive SU$(N)$ Hubbard model
• Many-body Physics of Ultracold Alkaline-Earth atoms with SU($N$)-symmetric interactions
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• Trion formation and ordering in the attractive SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard model
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• Preparing the Gutzwiller wave function for attractive SU(3) fermions on a quantum computer