Theory of Valley-Density Wave and Hidden Order in Iron-Pnictides

Abstract

In the limit of perfect nesting, the physics of iron-pnictides is governed by the density wave formation at the zone-edge vector M. At high energies, various spin- (SDW), charge- (CDW), orbital/pocket- (PDW) density waves, and their linear combinations, all appear equally likely, unified within the unitary order parameter of U(4)XU(4) symmetry. Nesting imperfections and low-energy interactions reduce this symmetry to that of real materials. Nevertheless, the generic ground state preserves a distinct signature of its highly symmetric origins: a SDW along one axis of the iron lattice is predicted to coexist with a perpendicular PDW, accompanied by weak charge currents. This "hidden" order induces the structural transition in our theory, naturally insures T_s >= T_N, and leads to orbital ferromagnetism and other observable consequences.

4.5 pages, 2 figures. Published version

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• Optical conductivity of iron-based superconductors
• Pair breaking due to orbital magnetism in iron-based superconductors
• Triplet Pair-Density Wave Superconductivity on the $\pi$-flux Square Lattice
• Order parameter fluctuation and ordering competition in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{1-\mathrm{x}}{\mathrm{K}}_{\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_2\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{s}}_2$
• Collective magnetic excitations of $C_4$ symmetric magnetic states in iron-based superconductors
• Dimer Impurity Scattering, "Reconstructed" Nesting and Density-Wave Diagnostics in Iron Pnictides
• Finite-momentum and field-induced pairings in orbital-singlet spin-triplet superconductors
• Orbital current signature using neutron diffraction
• Microscopic evidence for imaginary charge density wave in a kagome metal