Rotation and Outflow motions in the very low-mass Class 0 protostellar system HH 211 at subarcsecond resolution

Abstract

HH 211 is a nearby young protostellar system with a highly collimated jet. We have mapped it in 352 GHz continuum, SiO (J=8-7), and HCO+ (J=4-3) emission at up to ~ 0.2" resolution with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). The continuum source is now resolved into two sources, SMM1 and SMM2, with a separation of ~ 84 AU. SMM1 is seen at the center of the jet, probably tracing a (inner) dusty disk around the protostar driving the jet. SMM2 is seen to the southwest of SMM1 and may trace an envelope-disk around a small binary companion. A flattened envelope-disk is seen in HCO+ around SMM1 with a radius of ~ 80 AU perpendicular to the jet axis. Its velocity structure is consistent with a rotation motion and can be fitted with a Keplerian law that yields a mass of ~ 50+-15 Jupiter mass (a mass of a brown dwarf) for the protostar. Thus, the protostar could be the lowest mass source known to have a collimated jet and a rotating flattened envelope-disk. A small-scale (~ 200 AU) low-speed (~ 2 km/s) outflow is seen in HCOP+ around the jet axis extending from the envelope-disk. It seems to rotate in the same direction as the envelope-disk and may carry away part of the angular momentum from the envelope-disk. The jet is seen in SiO close to ~ 100 AU from SMM1. It is seen with a "C-shaped" bending. It has a transverse width of <~ 40 AU and a velocity of ~ 170+-60 km/s. A possible velocity gradient is seen consistently across its innermost pair of knots, with ~ 0.5 km/s at ~ 10 AU, consistent with the sense of rotation of the envelope-disk. If this gradient is an upper limit of the true rotational gradient of the jet, then the jet carries away a very small amount of angular momentum of ~ 5 AU km/s and thus must be launched from the very inner edge of the disk near the corotation radius.

27 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (12)

• Bolocam Survey for 1.1 mm Dust Continuum Emission in the c2d Legacy Clouds. II. Ophiuchus
• SiO line emission from C-type shock waves : interstellar jets and outflows
• A highly-collimated SiO jet in the HH212 protostellar outflow
• Shells, jets, and internal working surfaces in the molecular outflow from IRAS 04166+2706
• PdBI sub-arcsecond study of the SiO microjet in HH212 - Origin and collimation of Class 0 jets
• Rotating molecular outflows: the young T Tauri star in CB26
• Submillimeter arcsecond-resolution mapping of the highly collimated protostellar jet HH 211
• HH 212: SMA Observations of a Remarkable Protostellar Jet
• First Confirmed Detection of a Bipolar Molecular Outflow from a Young Brown Dwarf
• Structural and compositional properties of brown dwarf disks: the case of 2MASS J04442713+2512164
• Investigating the transport of angular momentum from young stellar objects: do H2 jets from Class I YSOs rotate?
• High Angular Resolution Observations at 7-mm of the Core of the Quadrupolar HH 111/121 Outflow

Cited by in corpus (79)

• On the diversity and statistical properties of protostellar discs
• The VLA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity Survey of Perseus Protostars (VANDAM). II. Multiplicity of Protostars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
• TADPOL: A 1.3 mm Survey of Dust Polarization in Star-forming Cores and Regions
• SMA Observations of Class 0 Protostars: A High-Angular Resolution Survey of Protostellar Binary Systems
• Radio Jets from Young Stellar Objects
• Molecular Outflows Driven by Low-Mass Protostars. I. Correcting for Underestimates When Measuring Outflow Masses and Dynamical Properties
• The Physics of Star Cluster Formation and Evolution
• Complex Structure in Class 0 Protostellar Envelopes II: Kinematic Structure from Single-Dish and Interferometric Molecular Line Mapping
• The Perseus ALMA Chemistry Survey (PEACHES). I. The Complex Organic Molecules in Perseus Embedded Protostars
• Formation and Atmosphere of Complex Organic Molecules of the HH 212 Protostellar Disk
• Episodic accretion: the interplay of infall and disc instabilities
• ALMA Results of the Pseudodisk, Rotating disk, and Jet in Continuum and HCO+ in the Protostellar System HH 212
• Molecular jets from low-mass young protostellar objects
• Unveiling the Evolutionary Sequence from Infalling Envelopes to Keplerian Disks around Low-Mass Protostars
• ALMA Observations of the HH 46/47 Molecular Outflow
• Complex Structure in Class 0 Protostellar Envelopes III: Velocity Gradients in Non-Axisymmetric Envelopes, Infall or Rotation?
• Modeling the Resolved Disk Around the Class 0 Protostar L1527
• Herschel/PACS Spectroscopic Survey of Protostars in Orion: The Origin of Far-Infrared CO Emission
• The CALYPSO IRAM-PdBI survey of jets from Class 0 protostars. Are jets ubiquitous in young stars ?
• Physical Processes in Star Formation
• The jet and the disk of the HH 212 low-mass protostar imaged by ALMA: SO and SO2 emission
• Detection of a Bipolar Molecular Outflow Driven by a Candidate First Hydrostatic Core
• Nonlinear Evolution of Global Hydrodynamic Shallow-Water Instability in Solar Tachocline
• The reflection-symmetric wiggle of the young protostellar jet HH 211
• Resolved Depletion Zones and Spatial Differentiation of N2H+ and N2D+
• Rotation in the NGC 1333 IRAS 4C Outflow
• ALMA Cycle 1 Observations of the HH46/47 Molecular Outflow: Structure, Entrainment and Core Impact
• VLA and CARMA Observations of Protostars in the Cepheus Clouds: Sub-arcsecond Proto-Binaries Formed via Disk Fragmentation
• High-Velocity Jets and Slowly Rotating Envelope in B335
• ALMA observations of the very young Class 0 protostellar system HH 211-mms: a 30-au dusty disk with a disk-wind traced by SO?
• Protostellar accretion traced with chemistry. High resolution C18O and continuum observations towards deeply embedded protostars in Perseus
• Kinematics and Physical Conditions of the Innermost Envelope in B335
• A Detailed Study of Spitzer-IRAC Emission in Herbig-Haro Objects (I): Morphology and Flux Ratios of Shocked Emission
• Geometric and Kinematic Structure of the Outflow/Envelope System of L1527 Revealed by Subarcsecond-resolution Observation of CS
• The specific angular momentum radial profile in dense cores: improved initial conditions for disk formation
• JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS): overview of program and early results
• Initial Fragmentation in the Infrared Dark Cloud G28.53-0.25
• A Multi-Epoch SMA Study of the HH 211 Protostellar Jet: Jet Motion and Knot Formation
• Angular momentum loss in the envelope-disk transition region of HH 111 protostellar system: evidence for magnetic braking?
• A rotating molecular jet from a Perseus protostar
• A Pseudodisk Threaded with a Toroidal and Pinched Poloidal Magnetic Field Morphology in the HH 211 Protostellar System
• The Dynamics of the Envelope Surrounding the Protostar HH 211-mm
• The Launch Region of the SVS 13 Outflow and Jet
• Do siblings always form and evolve simultaneously? Testing the coevality of multiple protostellar systems through SEDs
• Rotation of the NGC 1333 IRAS 4A2 Protostellar Jet
• Rotating Bullets from A Variable Protostar
• Characterizing the Youngest Herschel-detected Protostars II. Molecular Outflows from the Millimeter and the Far-infrared
• Angular Momentum in Disk Wind Revealed in the Young Star MWC349A
• An observational correlation between magnetic field, angular momentum and fragmentation in the envelopes of Class 0 protostars?
• Jet rotation driven by MHD shocks in helical magnetic fields
• Discovery of A Binary System in IRAM 04191+1522
• Magnetic field structure in the Flattened Envelope and Jet in the young protostellar system HH 211
• 25 AU Angular Resolution Observations of HH 211 with ALMA : Jet Properties and Shock Structures in SiO, CO, and SO
• Molecular Jet of IRAS 04166+2706
• A study of the wiggle morphology of HH 211 through numerical simulations
• A MUSE Spectro-imaging Study of the Th 28 Jet: Precession in the Inner Jet
• Hot methanol from the inner region of the HH 212 protostellar system
• Multi-epoch SMA observations of the L1448C(N) protostellar SiO jet
• Curved jet motion. I. Orbiting and precessing jets
• The statistical properties of protostellar discs and their dependence on metallicity
• Ejection History of the IRAS 04166+2706 Molecular Jet
• Increasing mass-to-flux ratio from the dense core to the protostellar envelope around the Class 0 protostar HH 211
• A resolved rotating disk wind from a young T Tauri star in the Bok globule CB26
• ALMA observations and modeling of the rotating outflow in Orion Source I
• A disk-wind driving the rotating molecular outflow in CB 26
• Angular momentum in bipolar outflows: dynamical evolutionary model
• Resolving the collimation zone of an intermediate-mass protostar
• Predictions for Observing Protostellar Outflows with ALMA
• Near- And Mid-Infrared Imaging Study of Young Stellar Objects around LkH$\alpha$ 234
• A Fast bipolar H2 outflow from IRAS 16342-3814: an old star reliving its youth
• PRODIGE VI -- Envelope to Disk with NOEMA: VI. The Missing Sulfur Problem
• A twin-jet structure rather than jet-rotation in the young stellar object OMC 2/FIR 6b
• Binary outflows from young stars: interaction of co-orbital jet and wind
• Are jets rotating at the launching?
• The JCMT Transient Survey: Four Year Summary of Monitoring the Submillimeter Variability of Protostars
• First Detection of Equatorial Dark Dust Lane in a Protostellar Disk at Submillimeter Wavelength
• Variability and Jet Activity in the YSO MHO~3252~Y3 in Serpens South
• Bowshocks driven by the pole-on molecular jet of outbursting protostar SVS 13
• A Rotating Protostellar Jet Launched from the Innermost Disk of HH 212