Measuring Qutrit-Qutrit Entanglement of Orbital Angular Momentum States of an Atomic Ensemble and a Photon

Abstract

Three-dimensional entanglement of orbital angular momentum states of an atomic qutrit and a single photon qutrit has been observed. Their full state was reconstructed using quantum state tomography. The fidelity to the maximally entangled state of Schmidt rank 3 exceeds the threshold 2/3. This result confirms that the density matrix cannot be decomposed into ensemble of pure states of Schmidt rank 1 or 2. That is, the Schmidt number of the density matrix must be equal to or greater than 3.

5 pages, 4 figures

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• The Quantum Internet
• Quantized Rotation of Atoms From Photons with Orbital Angular Momentum
• Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory
• Entanglement of orbital angular momentum states between an ensemble of cold atoms and a photon
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• Demonstration of active feedforward one-way quantum computing with photon-matter hyperentanglement
• Limits to multipartite entanglement generation with bosons and fermions
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• Generation of subnatural-linewidth orbital angular momentum entangled biphotons using a single driving laser in hot atoms
• The dynamics of entropy uncertainty for qutrit system under the random telegraph noise