Subaru Mid-infrared Imaging of the Quadruple Lenses. II. Unveiling Lens Structure of MG0414+0534 and Q2237+030

Abstract

We present mid-infrared imaging at 11.7 $\mu$m for the quadruple lens systems, MG0414+0534 and Q2237+030, using the cooled mid-infrared camera and spectrometer (COMICS) attached on the Subaru telescope. MG0414+0534 is characterized by a bright pair of lensed images (A1, A2) and their optical flux ratio A2/A1 deviates significantly from the prediction of a smooth lens model. Q2237+030 is comprised of four lensed images, which are significantly affected by microlensing in a foreground lensing galaxy. Our mid-infrared observations of these lensed images have revealed that the mid-infrared flux ratio for A2/A1 of MG0414+0534 is nearly unity (0.90 +- 0.04). We find that this flux ratio is systematically small, at 4 to 5 sigma level, compared with the prediction of a best smooth lens model (1.09) represented by a singular isothermal ellipsoid and external shear, thereby suggesting the presence of substructures to explain our observational result. In contrast, for Q2237+030, our high signal-to-noise observation indicates that the mid-infrared flux ratios between all the four images of Q2237+030 are virtually consistent with the prediction of a smooth lens model. Based on the size estimate of the dust torus surrounding the nuclei of these QSOs, we set limits on the mass of a substructure in these lens systems, which can cause anomalies in the flux ratios. For MG0414+0534, since the required mass of a substructure inside its Einstein radius is > 360 M_sun, millilensing by a CDM substructure is most likely. If it is modeled as a singular isothermal sphere, the mass inside radius of 100 pc is given as > 1.0x10^5 M_sun. For Q2237+030, there is no significant evidence of millilensing, so the reported anomalous flux ratios in shorter wavelengths are entirely caused by microlensing by stars (abridged).

arXiv comment10 pages, To appear in the Astrophysical Journal

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