Model independent analysis of dark matter points to a particle mass at the keV scale

Abstract

We present a model independent analysis of dark matter (DM) both decoupling ultra relativistic (UR) and non-relativistic (NR) based in the phase-space density D = rho_{DM}/sigma^3_{DM}. We derive explicit formulas for the DM particle mass m and for the number of ultra relativistic degrees of freedom g_d at decoupling. We find that for DM particles decoupling UR both at local thermal equilibrium (LTE) and out of LTE, m turns to be at the keV scale. For example, for DM Majorana fermions decoupling at LTE the mass results m ~ 0.85 keV. For DM particles decoupling NR, sqrt{m T_d} results in the keV scale (T_d is the decoupling temperature) and the m value is consistent with the keV scale. In all cases, DM turns to be cold DM (CDM). Also, lower and upper bounds on the DM annihilation cross-section for NR decoupling are derived. We evaluate the free-streaming (Jeans') length and Jeans' mass: they result independent of the type of DM except for the DM self-gravity dynamics. The free-streaming length today results in the kpc range. These results are based on our theoretical analysis, astronomical observations of dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies in the Milky Way and N-body numerical simulations. We analyze and discuss the results on D from analytic approximate formulas both for linear fluctuations and the (non-linear) spherical model and from N-body simulations results. We obtain in this way upper bounds for the DM particle mass which all result below the 100 keV range.

11 pages, 2 figures. Expanded version to be published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

References in corpus (37)

• Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• First results from DAMA/LIBRA and the combined results with DAMA/NaI
• Constraints on the Self-Interaction Cross-Section of Dark Matter from Numerical Simulations of the Merging Galaxy Cluster 1E 0657-5
• The Observed properties of Dark Matter on small spatial scales
• A Search for WIMPs with the First Five-Tower Data from CDMS
• Compatibility of DAMA/LIBRA dark matter detection with other searches
• Bosonic super-WIMPs as keV-scale dark matter
• Revealing the properties of dark matter in the merging cluster MACSJ0025.4-1222
• How cold is cold dark matter? Small scales constraints from the flux power spectrum of the high-redshift Lyman-alpha forest
• Experimental constraints on a dark matter origin for the DAMA annual modulation effect
• Spin-independent elastic WIMP scattering and the DAMA annual modulation signal
• Direct X-ray Constraints on Sterile Neutrino Warm Dark Matter
• Dark Matter Candidates - Axions, Neutralinos, Gravitinos, and Axinos
• Constraints on the parameters of radiatively decaying dark matter from the dark matter halo of the Milky Way and Ursa Minor
• Decaying warm dark matter and neutrino masses
• Lighting the Universe with filaments
• Constraints on dark matter particles from theory, galaxy observations and N-body simulations
• New Limits on Sterile Neutrinos from Suzaku Observations of the Ursa Minor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
• Sterile neutrinos in the Milky Way: Observational constraints
• Investigation on light dark matter
• Dark Matter Halos with Cores from Hierarchical Structure Formation
• Clustering properties of a sterile neutrino dark matter candidate
• The New DAMA Dark-Matter Window and Energetic-Neutrino Searches
• The sizes of mini-voids in the local universe: an argument in favor of a warm dark matter model?
• Hunting the lightest lightest neutralinos
• Evolution of Phase-Space Density in Dark Matter Halos
• Can the flyby anomaly be attributed to earth-bound dark matter?
• Probing the nature of dark matter with Cosmic X-rays: Constraints from "Dark blobs" and grating spectra of galaxy clusters
• Dark matter from late decays and the small-scale structure problems
• Dark Matter Equilibria in Galaxies and Galaxy Systems
• Is gravitino still a warm dark matter candidate?
• Evolution of the Dark Matter Phase-Space Density Distributions of LCDM Halos
• Evolution of Characteristic Quantities for Dark Matter Halo Density Profiles
• Degenerate sterile neutrino dark matter in the cores of galaxies
• keV Warm Dark Matter via the Supersymmetric Higgs Portal
• Detecting sterile dark matter in space
• Dilute and Collapsed Phases of the Self-Gravitating Gas

Cited by in corpus (66)

• The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE): A Nulling Polarimeter for Cosmic Microwave Background Observations
• The properties of warm dark matter haloes
• Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter
• A White Paper on keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter
• The Phenomenology of Right Handed Neutrinos
• Dark Matter, Baryogenesis and Neutrino Oscillations from Right Handed Neutrinos
• Nonlinear Evolution of Cosmological Structures in Warm Dark Matter Models
• Warm Dark Matter in Low Scale Left-Right Theory
• Dark Matter from Split Seesaw
• Sensitivity of Next-Generation Tritium Beta-Decay Experiments for keV-Scale Sterile Neutrinos
• keV Neutrino Model Building
• Constraining Sterile Neutrino Warm Dark Matter with Chandra Observations of the Andromeda Galaxy
• The phase space density of fermionic dark matter haloes
• Fermionic warm dark matter produces galaxy cores in the observed scales because of quantum mechanics
• Soft L_e-L_mu-L_tau flavour symmetry breaking and sterile neutrino keV Dark Matter
• Irreversible thermodynamic description of interacting dark energy - dark matter cosmological models
• The mass of the dark matter particle from theory and observations
• Reionization and Galaxy Formation in Warm Dark Matter Cosmologies
• Early galaxy formation in warm dark matter cosmologies
• A Stringent Limit on the Warm Dark Matter Particle Masses from the Abundance of z=6 Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields
• Deriving Models for keV sterile Neutrino Dark Matter with the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism
• Small scale aspects of warm dark matter : power spectra and acoustic oscillations
• Structure of Dark Matter Halos in Warm Dark Matter models and in models with Long-Lived Charged Massive Particles
• Quantum WDM fermions and gravitation determine the observed galaxy structures
• Cosmological Limits on Hidden Sector Dark Matter
• Warm dark matter primordial spectra and the onset of structure formation at redshift z
• The Non-Linear Matter Power Spectrum in Warm Dark Matter Cosmologies
• Warm Dark Matter from keVins
• Wavelet Approach to Search for Sterile Neutrinos in Tritium $\beta$-Decay Spectra
• Favoured $B_c$ Decay modes to search for a Majorana neutrino
• Gravitino cosmology with a very light neutralino
• Constraining the Warm Dark Matter Particle Mass through Ultra-Deep UV Luminosity Functions at z=2
• Warm Dark Matter via Ultra-Violet Freeze-In: Reheating Temperature and Non-Thermal Distribution for Fermionic Higgs Portal Dark Matter
• Searching for sterile neutrinos from $\pi$ and $K$ decays
• Cosmological evolution of warm dark matter fluctuations II: Solution from small to large scales and keV sterile neutrinos
• Galaxy Formation in Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter Models
• Warm dark matter constraints from high-$z$ Direct Collapse Black Holes using the JWST
• Freeze-in Dark Matter via Light Dirac Neutrino Portal
• Warm dark matter at small scales: peculiar velocities and phase space density
• Cosmological evolution of warm dark matter fluctuations I: Efficient computational framework with Volterra integral equations
• KeV Warm Dark Matter and Composite Neutrinos
• Constant surface gravity and density profile of dark matter
• Equation of state, universal profiles, scaling and macroscopic quantum effects in Warm Dark Matter galaxies
• Simplified R-Symmetry Breaking and Low-Scale Gauge Mediation
• Star forming filaments in warm dark matter models
• keV Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter and Neutrino Model Building
• Hierarchically Acting Sterile Neutrinos
• Constraining models for keV sterile neutrinos by quasi-degenerate active neutrinos
• FIMP Dark Matter Freeze-in Gauge Mediation and Hidden Sector
• Magnetic dipole moment and keV neutrino dark matter
• Axion-Sterile-Neutrino Dark Matter
• A 125 GeV Higgs Boson Mass and Gravitino Dark Matter in R-invariant Direct Gauge Mediation
• Warm Dark Matter Galaxies with Central Supermassive Black-Holes
• Impact of a Warm Dark Matter late-time velocity dispersion on large-scale structures
• Separate seesaw and its applications to dark matter and baryogenesis
• Small-scale Effects of Thermal Inflation on Halo Abundance at High-$z$, Galaxy Substructure Abundance and 21-cm Power Spectrum
• Hollow cores in Warm Dark Matter halos from the Vlasov-Poisson equation
• Charged lepton mixing via heavy sterile neutrinos
• Cored DARKexp systems with finite size: numerical results
• Warm dark matter sterile neutrinos in electron capture and beta decay spectra
• Observing the very low-surface brightness dwarfs in a deep field in the VIRGO cluster: constraints on Dark Matter scenarios
• Warm Dark Matter from Higher-Dimensional Gauge Theories
• Merging Rates of the First Objects and the Formation of First Mini-Filaments in Models with Massive Neutrinos
• Astrophysical Constraints on Dark Matter
• Dark Neutrinos
• Dark Matter Universal Properties in Galaxies