Bound States and Superconductivity in Dense Fermi Systems

Abstract

A quantum field theoretical approach to the thermodynamics of dense Fermi systems is developed for the description of the formation and dissolution of quantum condensates and bound states in dependence of temperature and density. As a model system we study the chiral and superconducting phase transitions in two-flavor quark matter within the NJL model and their interrelation with the formation of quark-antiquark and diquark bound states. The phase diagram of quark matter is evaluated as a function of the diquark coupling strength and a coexistence region of chiral symmetry breaking and color superconductivity is obtained at very strong coupling. The crossover between Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of diquark bound states and condensation of diquark resonances (Cooper pairs) in the continuum (BCS) is discussed as a Mott effect. This effect consists in the transition of bound states into the continuum of scattering states under the influence of compression and heating. We explain the physics of the Mott transition with special emphasis on role of the Pauli principle for the case of the pion in quark matter.

16 pages, 5 figures

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• Three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite isospin chemical potential
• Thermal twin stars within a hybrid equation of state based on a nonlocal chiral quark model compatible with modern astrophysical observations
• Magnetic Tuning of the Relativistic BCS-BEC Crossover
• BCS-BEC Crossover and Stability in a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model with Diquark-Diquark Repulsion
• Equation of State in a Strongly Interacting Relativistic System
• Some aspects of color superconductivity: an introduction
• Pairing fluctuation effects in a strongly coupled color superfluid/superconductor