The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

Abstract

Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the mono energetic (862 keV) Be7 electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).

37 pages, 43 figures, to be submitted to NIM

References in corpus (16)

• Initial Results from the CHOOZ Long Baseline Reactor Neutrino Oscillation Experiment
• The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
• New results on solar neutrino fluxes from 192 days of Borexino data
• Science and Technology of BOREXINO: A Real Time Detector for Low Energy Solar Neutrinos SOLAR NEUTRINOS
• First real time detection of Be7 solar neutrinos by Borexino
• The Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector and LAMPF Neutrino Source
• Measurements of extremely low radioactivity levels in BOREXINO
• The Nylon Scintillator Containment Vessels for the Borexino Solar Neutrino Experiment
• New limits on nucleon decays into invisible channels with the BOREXINO Counting Test Facility
• CNO and pep neutrino spectroscopy in Borexino: Measurement of the deep underground production of cosmogenic 11C in organic liquid scintillator
• Light Concentrators for Borexino and CTF
• The measurements of 2200 ETL9351 type photomultipliers for the Borexino experiment with the photomultiplier testing facility at LNGS
• The photomultiplier tube testing facility for the Borexino experiment at LNGS
• Search for electron antineutrino interactions with the Borexino Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso
• Low background techniques for the Borexino nylon vessels
• Setting of the predefined multiplier gain of a photomultiplier

Cited by in corpus (143)

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• Neutrinos with Lorentz-violating operators of arbitrary dimension
• First Results from the DarkSide-50 Dark Matter Experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
• First evidence of pep solar neutrinos by direct detection in Borexino
• Solar Neutrinos: Status and Prospects
• Observation of Geo-Neutrinos
• The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA
• Experimental evidence of neutrinos produced in the CNO fusion cycle in the Sun
• Limiting neutrino magnetic moments with Borexino Phase-II solar neutrino data
• IceCube Sensitivity for Low-Energy Neutrinos from Nearby Supernovae
• Status of Light Sterile Neutrino Searches
• The Progenitor Dependence of the Preexplosion Neutrino Emission in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Observing Gravitational Waves from Core-Collapse Supernovae in the Advanced Detector Era
• Simultaneous Precision Spectroscopy of $pp$, ${}^7$Be, and $pep$ Solar Neutrinos with Borexino Phase-II
• Dark Matter Annihilation to Neutrinos
• The SNO+ Experiment
• Measurement of geo-neutrinos from 1353 days of Borexino
• Spectroscopy of geo-neutrinos from 2056 days of Borexino data
• Solar structure and evolution
• Cosmogenic Backgrounds in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth
• Absence of day-night asymmetry of 862 keV Be-7 solar neutrino rate in Borexino and MSW oscillation parameters
• SNEWS 2.0: A Next-Generation SuperNova Early Warning System for Multi-messenger Astronomy
• Muon and Cosmogenic Neutron Detection in Borexino
• Comprehensive geoneutrino analysis with Borexino
• Borexino calibrations: Hardware, Methods, and Results
• Cosmic-muon flux and annual modulation in Borexino at 3800 m water-equivalent depth
• Study of solar and other unknown anti-neutrino fluxes with Borexino at LNGS
• Inelastic Boosted Dark Matter at Direct Detection Experiments
• Core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models
• Solar neutrinos, helioseismology and the solar internal dynamics
• Separation of Scintillation and Cherenkov Lights in Linear Alkyl Benzene
• New experimental limits on the Pauli forbidden transitions in ${}^{12}$C nuclei obtained with 485 days Borexino data
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• Improved measurement of ${}^8$B solar neutrinos with 1.5 kt y of Borexino exposure
• The Future of Solar Neutrinos
• Inclusive Nucleon Decay Searches as a Frontier of Baryon Number Violation
• Neutrino experiments probe hadrophilic light dark matter
• A test of electric charge conservation with Borexino
• Signatures of Dark Radiation in Neutrino and Dark Matter Detectors
• Modulations of the Cosmic Muon Signal in Ten Years of Borexino Data
• The Transient Gravitational-Wave Sky
• Final results of Borexino on CNO solar neutrinos
• Positronium signature in organic liquid scintillators for neutrino experiments
• Measurement of CNGS muon neutrino speed with Borexino
• The Monte Carlo simulation of the Borexino detector
• SoLid: A short baseline reactor neutrino experiment
• Precision ${\bar{\nu }}_e$-electron Scattering Measurements with IsoDAR to Search for New Physics
• Limits on the cosmic neutrino background
• Spectral Photon Sorting For Large-Scale Cherenkov and Scintillation Detectors
• Seasonal Modulation of the ${}^7$Be Solar Neutrino Rate in Borexino
• New Experimental Constraints in a New Landscape for Composite Dark Matter
• Geo-neutrinos
• Pre-Supernova Neutrinos in Large Dark Matter Direct Detection Experiments
• A complete optical model for liquid-scintillator detectors
• A search for low-energy neutrinos correlated with gravitational wave events GW150914, GW151226 and GW170104 with the Borexino detector
• Neutrino oscillations
• First Directional Measurement of sub-MeV Solar Neutrinos with Borexino
• Embedded Readout Electronics R&D for the Large PMTs in the JUNO Experiment
• Probing thermonuclear supernova explosions with neutrinos
• Radiopurity of an archeological Roman Lead cryogenic detector
• Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos in Ultra-pure Scintillators
• Constraining Non-Standard Interactions of the Neutrino with Borexino
• Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium neutrino spectrum
• Optical Scattering Lengths in Large Liquid-Scintillator Neutrino Detectors
• Solar Neutrino Spectroscopy
• Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment
• Studying the Earth with Geoneutrinos
• Relic neutrinos at accelerator experiments
• MeV-Scale Dark Matter Deep Underground
• Correlated and Integrated Directionality for sub-MeV solar neutrinos in Borexino
• Experimental Parameters for a Cerium 144 Based Intense Electron Antineutrino Generator Experiment at Very Short Baselines
• A New Optical Model for Photomultiplier Tubes
• Solar neutrino detection in liquid xenon detectors via charged-current scattering to excited states
• Borexino results on neutrinos from the Sun and Earth
• PMT overshoot study for JUNO prototype detector
• A search for low-energy neutrino and antineutrino signals correlated with gamma-ray bursts with Borexino
• A. Fluka Study of Underground Cosmogenic Neutron Production
• A CERN-based high-intensity high-energy proton source for long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments with next-generation large underground detectors for proton decay searches and neutrino physics and astrophysics
• Spontaneous double alpha decay: First experimental limit and prospects of investigation
• A Study on the radon removal performance of low background activated carbon
• Prospects for Light Dark Matter Searches at Large-Volume Neutrino Detectors
• Geoneutrinos and geoscience: an intriguing joint-venture
• New Laboratory Constraints on Neutrinophilic Mediators
• Nuclear physics for geo-neutrino studies
• Meson production in air showers and the search for light exotic particles
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• Stochastic Modeling of 3-D Compositional Distribution in the Crust with Bayesian Inference and Application to Geoneutrino Observation in Japan
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• Combined Pre-Supernova Alert System with Kamland and Super-Kamiokande
• Characterization of positronium properties in doped liquid scintillators
• Dark Matter Capture by Atomic Nuclei
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• Light Neutrinophilic Dark Matter from a Scotogenic Model
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• Experimental Aspects of Geoneutrino Detection: Status and Perspectives
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• An Alternative Design for Large Scale Liquid Scintillator Detectors
• Spectroscopy of Solar Neutrinos
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