Solar neutrinos, helioseismology and the solar internal dynamics

Abstract

Neutrinos are fundamental particles ubiquitous in the Universe. Their properties remain elusive despite more than 50 years of intense research activity. In this review we remind the reader of the noticeable properties of these particles and of the stakes of the solar neutrino puzzle. The Standard Solar Model triggered persistent efforts in fundamental Physics to predict the solar neutrino fluxes, and its constantly evolving predictions have been regularly compared to the detected neutrino signals. Anticipating that this standard model could not reproduce the internal solar dynamics, a SEismic Solar Model was developed which enriched theoretical neutrino flux predictions with in situ observation of acoustic waves propagating in the Sun. This review reminds the historical steps, from the pioneering Homestake detection, the GALLEX- SAGE captures of the first pp neutrinos and emphasizes the importance of the Superkamiokande and SNO detectors to demonstrate that the solar-emitted electronic neutrinos are partially transformed into other neutrino flavors before reaching the Earth. The success of BOREXINO in detecting the 7 Be neutrino signal justifies the building of a new generation of detectors to measure the entire solar neutrino spectrum. A coherent picture emerged from neutrino physics and helioseismology. Today, new paradigms take shape: determining the masses of neutrinos and the research on the Sun is focusing on the dynamical aspects and on signature of dark matter. The third part of the review is dedicated to this prospect. The understanding of the crucial role of both rotation and magnetism in solar physics benefit from SoHO, SDO, and PICARD space observations. For now, the particle and stellar challenges seem decoupled, but this is only a superficial appearance. The development of asteroseismology shows the far-reaching impact of Neutrino and Stellar Astronomy.

60 pages, 12 figures Invited review in press in Report on Progress in Physics

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Cited by in corpus (40)

• Born-Infeld inspired modifications of gravity
• Testing alternative theories of gravity using the Sun
• Alive and well: a short review about standard solar models
• Seismic sensitivity to sub-surface solar activity from 18 years of GOLF/SoHO observations
• Impact of rotation on stochastic excitation of gravity and gravito-inertial waves in stars
• Solar constraints on asymmetric dark matter
• Solar neutrino physics oscillations: Sensitivity to the electronic density in the Sun's core
• The coupling between internal waves and shear-induced turbulence in stellar radiation zones: the critical layer
• Radiation hydrodynamics in simulations of the solar atmosphere
• First solar models with OPAS opacity tables
• Radial oscillations and tidal Love numbers of dark energy stars
• Solar Neutrino Spectroscopy
• Rotating Solar Models with Low Metal Abundances as Good as Those with High Metal Abundances
• Detailed opacity calculations for astrophysical applications
• Tidal deformability and radial oscillations of anisotropic polytropic spheres
• Asteroseismic constraints on Asymmetric Dark Matter: Light particles with an effective spin-dependent coupling
• Solar models with new low-metal abundances
• An upper bound from helioseismology on the stochastic background of gravitational waves
• Planetary influence on the young Sun's evolution: the solar neutrino probe
• The impact of composition choices on solar evolution: age, helio- and asteroseismology, and neutrinos
• Probing the Sun's inner core using solar neutrinos: a new diagnostic method
• Selected topics in the evolution of low-mass stars
• Standard solar models: a perspective from updated solar neutrino fluxes and the gravity-mode period spacing
• Stellar convective cores as dark matter probes
• A closer look at the $pp$-chain reaction in the Sun: Constraining the coupling of light mediators to protons
• Real-time spectroscopy of solar pp neutrinos using Nd-150
• Rotating Solar Models in Agreement with Helioseismic Results and Updated Neutrino Fluxes
• The partial ionisation zone of heavy elements in F-stars: a study on how it correlates with rotation
• Local perturbations of the upper layers of a Sun-like star: the impact on the acoustic oscillation spectrum
• New neutrino physics and the altered shapes of solar neutrino spectra
• Modified Gravity at Astrophysical Scales
• The Sun-as-a-star observations: GOLF & VIRGO on SoHO, and BiSON network
• Neutron Tagging Can Greatly Reduce Spallation Backgrounds in Super-Kamiokande
• Detecting gravity modes in the solar ${}^{8}B$ neutrino flux
• Search for global f-modes and p-modes in the 8B neutrino flux
• Determining the Density of the Sun with Neutrinos
• The Sun as a probe of Fundamental Physics and Cosmology
• Chameleon fields and solar physics
• Seismology of the Sun : Inference of Thermal, Dynamic and Magnetic Field Structures of the Interior
• Do the solar flares' locations illustrate the boundaries of the solar inner layers?