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543 papers · 1 filter

astro-ph.EP2026

Leveraging Impact Parameter to Mitigate the Transit Light Source Effect: Early Insights from TRAPPIST-1

Ana Glidden, Alexander I. Shapiro, Sara Seager +19

Stellar activity complicates exoplanet transmission spectra, particularly for smaller planets around M dwarfs with JWST. The transit light source (TLS) effect, the imprinting of sp…

astro-ph.EP2026

A Cross-Laboratory Comparison Study of Titan Haze Analogs: Surface Energy II

Eric C. Austin, Xinting Yu, Chao He +10

The organic haze particles on Titan play important roles in atmospheric cloud formation and aerosol-lake interactions. These processes are strongly influenced by the surface energy…

astro-ph.EP2026

A JWST transiting survey of FGK stellar limb darkening: empirical evidence for quadratic laws and atmospheric model comparisons

David K. Sing, Joshua D. Lothringer, Jeff A. Valenti +11

We present a study of stellar limb-darkening using JWST transit observations of seven exoplanets orbiting FGK host stars, spanning 4200-6800 K. The wide wavelength coverage and hig…

astro-ph.EP2026

JWST color sequence of transiting exoplanets and directly imaged substellar objects

Guangwei Fu, Joshua D. Lothringer, Sagnick Mukherjee +4

Color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) have been foundational across astrophysics, from galaxies and stars to brown dwarfs, and JWST now extends them to transiting exoplanets and self-lum…

astro-ph.EP2026

Features in the visible spectra of the Enceladus particle plume and E ring: Potential evidence of organic materials and/or missing sub-micron particles

M. M. Hedman, S. M. MacKenzie

Visible spectra of the Enceladus particle plume and E ring contain evidence for a change in spectral slope around 0.5 micron. This feature can be seen in data obtained by both the…

astro-ph.EP2026

Setting the Stage: The Early History of the Solar System

Antgona Segura, Rachel L. Smith, Myriam Telus +3

This article reviews the early history of our solar system from an astrobiological perspective and presents evidence from meteorites and astronomical observations. The purpose is t…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 4 cited

Helium escaping from the atmosphere of a nearby rocky exoplanet orbiting in a habitable zone

Collin Cherubim, Shreyas Vissapragada, Tim Cunningham +13

Observations of highly irradiated gas giant exoplanets have shown helium escaping from their atmospheres. There is limited evidence for atmospheres on rocky exoplanets, perhaps bec…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Direct Imaging Discovery of Giant Exoplanet Pictoris d: A Decade-Long Game of Hide-and-Seek

Ben J. Sutlieff, Markus J. Bonse, Valentin Christiaens +94

We report the direct imaging discovery of a third exoplanet in the Pictoris system. We detect Pictoris d ( Pic d) in non-coronagraphic observations obtained with VLT/ERI…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 3 cited

Aerosols and hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of a white dwarf planet

Ryan J. MacDonald, Christopher E. O'Connor, Victoria A. Boehm +15

Most stars, including our Sun, will one day evolve into red giants and, subsequently, white dwarfs. Several planet candidates have recently been identified orbiting white dwarfs, d…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Atmospheric asymmetries in WASP-121 b revealed by rotational transits detected with JWST

Cyril Gapp, Aurélien Falco, Thomas M. Evans-Soma +6

Close-in exoplanets are tidally locked to their host star and thus exhibit extreme atmospheric temperature gradients. It has been theorized that the fraction of star light absorbed…

astro-ph.EP2026

The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South V: Atmosphere of MASCARA-1b is Enriched in Refractory Elements

Krishna Kanumalla, Michael R. Line, Martina Chiarella +75

Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs; K) enable simultaneous detection of volatile (ice-forming) and refractory (rock-forming) species in planetary atmospheres, provi…

astro-ph.EP2026

Ultraviolet Radiation Effects on the Optical Properties of Water-Dominated Exoplanet Hazes

Lori Huseby, Sarah E. Moran, Tiffany Kataria +8

Temperate sub-Neptune and terrestrial exoplanets could contain large inventories of water in various phases, such as water-dominated atmospheres or even oceans. Observations have s…

astro-ph.EP2026

Photochemical Production of CS2 in Temperate-to-Warm Gas Giant Exoplanet Atmospheres

Jeehyun Yang, Vighnesh Nagpal, Michael Zhang +16

Sulfur chemistry has emerged as an important probe of exoplanet atmospheres in the JWST era, although observational constraints have thus far been largely limited to SO2 and H2S in…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 4 cited

Europa's Lyman- emissions from HST/STIS observations

L. Roth, K. D. Retherford, J. Saur +13

An image of Lyman- (Ly) emission from Europa obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) has previously provided the first eviden…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Physical Analysis of Bennu Samples Reveals Regolith Production by Collisional Disruption on Near-Earth Asteroids

R. -L. Ballouz, A. J. Ryan, R. J. Macke +25

Owing to the extremely low gravity of small near-Earth asteroids (NEAs), it has been assumed that impact-generated rock fragments escape into space and thus do not contribute to th…

astro-ph.EP2026

Constraining Electron-Impact Ionization of O Through UV Aurora Observations at Ganymede

Stefan Duling, Joachim Saur, Darrell Strobel +3

While photoionization rates of Ganymede's O dominated atmosphere are well constrained, the contribution of electron-impact ionization is rather uncertain. Previous quantitative…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Direct Images of CO2 Absorption in the Atmosphere of a Super-Jupiter: Enhanced Metallicity Suggestive of Formation in a Disk

William O. Balmer, Laurent Pueyo, Ashley Messier +15

It is unclear how directly imaged substellar companions with masses near the deuterium burning limit form, because these objects are rare and their bulk properties are not diagnost…

astro-ph.EP2026

Panchromatic View of the Frigid Jovian Exoplanet COCONUTS-2 b

Matthieu Ravet, Mickaël Bonnefoy, Gaël Chauvin +24

We use a high signal-to-noise MIRI-LRS spectrum (5.45 - 11 m, R ) of COCONUTS-2~b revealing prominent molecular features of HO, CH and NH. This dataset…

astro-ph.EP2026

Influence of CO versus CH on organic haze formation in atmospheres of diverse terrestrial exoplanets

Sai Wang, Zhengbo Yang, Haixin Li +9

Context. Terrestrial exoplanets are expected to host secondary, high-metallicity atmospheres derived from outgassing of volatiles such as N2, CO2, H2O, CH4, and CO. Photochemical o…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Hot Rocks Survey V: Secondary Eclipse Photometry of GJ 3473 b with JWST/MIRI

Måns Holmberg, Hannah Diamond-Lowe, João M. Mendonça +16

JWST is transforming our ability to characterise small exoplanets, from sub-Neptunes to rocky worlds. A key open question is whether highly irradiated rocky planets can retain atmo…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 12 cited

The compositions of the HR 8799 planets reflect accretion of both solids and metal-enriched gas

Jerry W. Xuan, Jean-Baptiste Ruffio, Yayaati Chachan +24

With four giant planets (, $T_\rm{eff}\sim900-1200$ K) orbiting between 15-70 au, HR 8799 provides an unparalleled testbed for studying giant planet formatio…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 2 cited

Ground-based Atmospheric Characterization of Super-Earth L 98-59 d at High Spectral Resolution

Connor J. Cheverall, Nikku Madhusudhan, Savvas Constantinou +1

Atmospheric characterization of exoplanets using ground-based high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has traditionally focussed on large and close-in planets, such as hot Jupite…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 1 cited

Dynamics of planetary rings under thermal forces

Wen-Han Zhou, Eiichiro Kokubo, Harrison Agrusa +5

Planetary rings provide natural laboratories for studying the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of planetary systems. However, several key features, such as the sharp…

astro-ph.EP2026★ 18 cited

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) II. The radial structure of debris discs

Yinuo Han, Elias Mansell, Jeff Jennings +38

The ALMA survey to Resolve exoKuiper belt Substructures (ARKS) was recently completed to cover the lack of high-resolution observations of debris discs and to investigate the preva…