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20102026
most citedDINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision

1.1k citations · 4.4k across the 113 of their papers we have counts for

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cs.LG2026

Reinforcement Learning for Code Optimization

Pierre Chambon, Kunhao Zheng, Juliette Decugis +2

RL for code correctness is now established: have the model generate a program, run it against hidden test cases, and reward solutions that pass. Extending this to code optimization…

cs.LG2026

Sparse Delta Memory: Scaling the State of Linear RNNs through Sparsity

Loïc Cabannes, Pierre-Emmanuel Mazaré, Gergely Szilvasy +6

Linear attention models allow a fixed state size and a fixed amount of compute per token. However, due to their limited state size, linear attention models fall behind in long-cont…

cs.LG2026

DecompRL: Solving Harder Problems by Learning Modular Code Generation

Juliette Decugis, Fabian Gloeckle, Francis Bach +2

How can Large Language Models (LLMs) solve problems they currently cannot? Repeated sampling scales test-time compute but GPU cost grows linearly with attempts, while reinforcement…

cs.LG2026

Don't Let Gains FADE: Breaking Down Policy Gradient Weights in RL

Juliette Decugis, Sean O'Brien, Francis Bach +2

Reinforcement learning post-training dramatically improves LLM reasoning, but suffers from training instability and diversity collapse. Advantage functions offer an appealing fix:…

cs.LG2026

Extrapolative Weight Averaging Reveals Correctness-Efficiency Frontiers in Code RL

Kunhao Zheng, Pierre Chambon, Juliette Decugis +4

Linear interpolation between fine-tuned checkpoints has been shown to trace the Pareto front between competing objectives, but whether extrapolative weight averaging can extend suc…

cs.LG2026

A Deep Dive into Scaling RL for Code Generation with Synthetic Data and Curricula

Cansu Sancaktar, David Zhang, Gabriel Synnaeve +1

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving large language models beyond supervised fine-tuning, yet sustaining performance gains at scale remains…

cs.LG2026

Towards a Neural Debugger for Python

Maximilian Beck, Jonas Gehring, Jannik Kossen +1

Training large language models (LLMs) on Python execution traces grounds them in code execution and enables the line-by-line execution prediction of whole Python programs, effectiv…

cs.LG2025

Set Block Decoding is a Language Model Inference Accelerator

Itai Gat, Heli Ben-Hamu, Marton Havasi +6

Autoregressive next token prediction language models offer powerful capabilities but face significant challenges in practical deployment due to the high computational and memory co…

cs.LG2025

Short window attention enables long-term memorization

Loïc Cabannes, Maximilian Beck, Gergely Szilvasy +6

Recent works show that hybrid architectures combining local sliding window attention layers and global attention layers outperform either of these architectures taken separately. H…

cs.LG2025

Stochastic activations

Maria Lomeli, Matthijs Douze, Gergely Szilvasy +7

We introduce stochastic activations. This novel strategy randomly selects between several non-linear functions in the feed-forward layer of a large language model. In particular, w…

cs.LG2025

Soft Policy Optimization: Online Off-Policy RL for Sequence Models

Taco Cohen, David W. Zhang, Kunhao Zheng +3

RL-based post-training of language models is almost exclusively done using on-policy methods such as PPO. These methods cannot learn from arbitrary sequences such as those produced…

cs.LG2025

Optimizing Language Models for Inference Time Objectives using Reinforcement Learning

Yunhao Tang, Kunhao Zheng, Gabriel Synnaeve +1

In this work, we investigate the merits of explicitly optimizing for inference time algorithmic performance during model training. We show how optimizing for inference time perform…

cs.LG2025

What I cannot execute, I do not understand: Training and Evaluating LLMs on Program Execution Traces

Jordi Armengol-Estapé, Quentin Carbonneaux, Tianjun Zhang +8

Code generation and understanding are critical capabilities for large language models (LLMs). Thus, most LLMs are pretrained and fine-tuned on code data. However, these datasets ty…

cs.LG2024

Don't Transform the Code, Code the Transforms: Towards Precise Code Rewriting using LLMs

Chris Cummins, Volker Seeker, Jordi Armengol-Estapé +3

Tools for rewriting, refactoring and optimizing code should be fast and correct. Large language models (LLMs), by their nature, possess neither of these qualities. Yet, there remai…

cs.LG2024

Discrete Flow Matching

Itai Gat, Tal Remez, Neta Shaul +5

Despite Flow Matching and diffusion models having emerged as powerful generative paradigms for continuous variables such as images and videos, their application to high-dimensional…

cs.LG2024

Priority Sampling of Large Language Models for Compilers

Dejan Grubisic, Chris Cummins, Volker Seeker +1

Large language models show great potential in generating and optimizing code. Widely used sampling methods such as Nucleus Sampling increase the diversity of generation but often p…

cs.LG2023

A Data Source for Reasoning Embodied Agents

Jack Lanchantin, Sainbayar Sukhbaatar, Gabriel Synnaeve +3

Recent progress in using machine learning models for reasoning tasks has been driven by novel model architectures, large-scale pre-training protocols, and dedicated reasoning datas…

cs.LG2022★ 2 cited

Leveraging Demonstrations with Latent Space Priors

Jonas Gehring, Deepak Gopinath, Jungdam Won +3

Demonstrations provide insight into relevant state or action space regions, bearing great potential to boost the efficiency and practicality of reinforcement learning agents. In th…

cs.LG2022

Star Temporal Classification: Sequence Classification with Partially Labeled Data

Vineel Pratap, Awni Hannun, Gabriel Synnaeve +1

We develop an algorithm which can learn from partially labeled and unsegmented sequential data. Most sequential loss functions, such as Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC),…

cs.LG2022★ 14 cited

Flashlight: Enabling Innovation in Tools for Machine Learning

Jacob Kahn, Vineel Pratap, Tatiana Likhomanenko +11

As the computational requirements for machine learning systems and the size and complexity of machine learning frameworks increases, essential framework innovation has become chall…

cs.LG2021★ 1 cited

Hierarchical Skills for Efficient Exploration

Jonas Gehring, Gabriel Synnaeve, Andreas Krause +1

In reinforcement learning, pre-trained low-level skills have the potential to greatly facilitate exploration. However, prior knowledge of the downstream task is required to strike…

cs.LG2021★ 7 cited

CAPE: Encoding Relative Positions with Continuous Augmented Positional Embeddings

Tatiana Likhomanenko, Qiantong Xu, Gabriel Synnaeve +2

Without positional information, attention-based Transformer neural networks are permutation-invariant. Absolute or relative positional embeddings are the most popular ways to feed…

cs.LG2021★ 14 cited

Gradient Matching for Domain Generalization

Yuge Shi, Jeffrey Seely, Philip H. S. Torr +4

Machine learning systems typically assume that the distributions of training and test sets match closely. However, a critical requirement of such systems in the real world is their…

cs.LG2020★ 13 cited

Self-training and Pre-training are Complementary for Speech Recognition

Qiantong Xu, Alexei Baevski, Tatiana Likhomanenko +5

Self-training and unsupervised pre-training have emerged as effective approaches to improve speech recognition systems using unlabeled data. However, it is not clear whether they l…